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Index: S

• @subrelated, URLs related to first-level URL: CGI Gateway to XML Middleware
• SAX (Simple API for XML) style parser: CGI Gateway to XML Middleware
• scalar context, list context vs.: Date
• scalars
• • variable data types in perl as: Why Perl?
  • WDDX data types and: WDDX
• scatter charts, creating: GD::Graph
• Schwartzian Transform, precalculating file modification times: Search Application
• scope
• • variables, pragmas depending on: Variable scope
  • variables within code blocks enclosed with bracket pairs: Variable scope
• ScriptAlias command: Configuring by directory
• scripts, Perl CGI (see CGI programs Perl language)
• scrolling boxes: The <SELECT> Tag
• • example: The <SELECT> Tag
  • multiple values, handling: Decoding Form Input
• search application for indexes: Search Application
• search engines: Searching the Web Server
• • CGI middleware and: Middleware and XML
  • fgrep command: Searching One by One
  • grep command: Searching One by One, Take Two
  • inverted index search: Inverted Index Search
  • LWP module, getting data from: CGI Gateway to XML Middleware
  • regex-based: Regex-Based Search Engine
  • resource data from, XML documents: Writing an XML Parser
  • XML-based (Netscape browser): Writing an XML Parser
• search form for What's Related CGI script: CGI Gateway to XML Middleware
• search strings: Elements of a URL
• • Elements of a URL
  • (see also query strings)
• searching for font repositories: Image Processing
• secure connections: CGI Environment Variables
• • (see also SSL)
  • environment variables, adding for: CGI Environment Variables
• Secure Socket Layer (see SSL)
• security: Security
• • browsers, trusting: Trusting the Browser
  • CGI scripts, configuration by file name extension and: Configuring by extension
  • data storage: Data Storage
  • • dynamic filenames: Dynamic Filenames
    • file permissions: File Permissions
    • location of files: Location of Files
  • encryption: Encryption
  • exec command (SSI), risks of enabling: Configuration
  • fgrep command, passing through shell: Searching One by One
  • JavaScript restrictions, tutorialmarklets and: Bookmarklets and CGI
  • programs sending email, risks of: mailx and mail
  • sending email: Security
  • • false identities: False Identities
    • mailers and shells: Mailers and Shells
    • spam: Spam
  • servers
  • • minimal access privileges of: Application Permissions
  • symbolic links, problems with: Configuring by directory
  • taint mode, using: Perl's Taint Mode
  • user authentication and identification: User Authentication and Identification
  • user data, passing through shell
  • • avoiding with -t option, sendmail: Command-Line Options
  • user input, handling: Handling User Input
  • • strategies: Security Strategies
  • web security, importance of: The Importance of Web Security
• Select elements
• • creating with Embperl: List elements
  • JavaScript support for: Validating elements
• SELECTED attribute, tag: The <OPTION> tag
• selecting data in databases: Accessing Data
• self-referencing hypertext links back to scripts: CGI Gateway to XML Middleware
• SelfLoader module: SelfLoader
• self_url method (CGI.pm): self_url
• semi-autonomous clients (JavaScript-enabled web pages): Data Exchange
• sender address, email messages: Structure of Internet Email
• sendmail: sendmail
• • command-line options: Command-Line Options
  • mail queue: Mail Queue
  • Mail::Mailer module, using with: Perl Mailers
  • mailx and mail programs vs.: mailx and mail
• Server header: Server
• • complete headers, including in: Complete (Non-Parsed) Headers
• Server Side Includes (see SSI)
• SERVER_NAME environment variable: virtual_host
• SERVER_PROTOCOL environment variable: Complete (Non-Parsed) Headers
• servers: Authorization
• • (see also web servers)
  • authorization requirements of: Authorization
  • buffering, handling (script for finding): Complete (Non-Parsed) Headers
  • certificates, information about: CGI Environment Variables
  • communicating with other: Communicating with Other Servers
  • • sockets: Sockets
  • configuring to execute CGI application with user HTML document requests: Query Strings and Extra Path Information
  • content negotiation, performing: Content Negotiation
  • daemons, turning Perl CGI applications into: Efficiency and Optimization
  • document tree, excluding data files from: Location of Files
  • environment variables specific to, listing: Examining Environment Variables
  • error logs, checking: Check Error Logs
  • filesystems, using to control data file access: File Permissions
  • host name: Host
  • HTML form data, sending to: Sending Data to the Server
  • HTTP: The Hypertext Transport Protocol
  • • user authentication: User Authentication and Identification
  • information servers: Data Exchange
  • Internal Server Error status code: Specifying status codes
  • minimal access privileges of: Application Permissions
  • output to client, buffering: STDOUT
  • remote processes as: Communicating with Other Servers
  • request/response cycle: The Request and Response Cycle
  • response to HTTP GET request: Maintaining State
  • responses: Server Responses
  • • Maintaining State
    • headers: Server Headers
    • proxies, using for: Proxies
  • searching: Searching the Web Server
  • • fgrep command, using: Searching One by One
    • grep command, using: Searching One by One, Take Two
    • inverted index, using: Inverted Index Search
  • SMTP: Perl Mailers
  • • verifying email addresses: Email Addresses
  • SSI (see SSI)
  • STDERR, handling output to: STDERR
  • users, running as
  • • file permissions and: Write Permissions
  • X Windows server, adding hostname or IP address: ptkdb
• Service Unavailable error messages: Specifying status codes
• • Specifying status codes
• servlets, CGI vs.: Alternatives to CGI
• session identifiers
• • get_id function, returning with: Hidden Fields
  • in hidden field: Hidden Fields
  • storing on client side with cookies: Client-Side Cookies
• sessions, user: Maintaining State
• set command: Format
• Set-cookie header: Set-Cookie
• setting cookies
• • in redirection: Testing for Cookies
• SHA-1 (Secure Hash Algorithm): Encryption
• • digests, producing with: SHA-1
• shadow_text.cgi script (example): Image Processing
• shared file locks: flock
• shells
• • avoiding accessing to maximize performance: Avoid the Shell
  • email addresses, passing through as parameters: Mailers and Shells
  • external, Perl taint checking: What Is Monitored by Taint Mode
  • fgrep command, passing through: Searching One by One
  • user data, passing through
  • • avoiding with -t option (sendmail): Command-Line Options
    • dangerous characters: User Input and the Shell
  • user input and: User Input and the Shell
• shopping cart example
• • maintaining state across: Maintaining State
  • subroutines for handling requests: Hidden Fields
  • utility functions: Hidden Fields
• signature (see boilerplates)
• sign_petition.cgi script (example): Delimiters
• single empty tags, XML vs. HTML: An Introduction to XML
• single quotes around arguments, security and: Security Strategies
• site_perl directory, saving error module in: Custom Module
• SIZE attribute
• • tag: The <SELECT> Tag
  • text fields: Text fields
• size, calculating for directories: File Uploads with CGI.pm
• slowness, CGI applications: Efficiency and Optimization
• slurping, avoiding: Avoid Slurping
• SMTP protocol
• • command to validate email addresses: Email Addresses
  • Mail::Mailer, using with: Perl Mailers
  • Net::SMTP module, using with: Perl Mailers
• sockets: Sockets
• • Sockets
  • (see also SSL)
  • identifying in host IP addresses: Sockets
  • IO::Socket module: IO::Socket
  • $socket instance variable, use as file handle: IO::Socket
• sort command
• • execution within pipe, checking for: Is It Open?
• source code (CGI scripts), security risks from revealing: Configuring by directory
• spaces
• • in email addresses: Validating Syntax
  • between HTML elements, CGI.pm and: Standard HTML Elements
  • indenting code with: Coding Guidelines
  • list element separation, eliminating in: Standard HTML Elements
  • plus (+) character, replacing with: Decoding Form Input
  • URLs
  • • encoding as + or %20: URL Encoding
    • replacing with plus (+) sign: Sending Data to the Server
• spam: Spam
• • falsifying sender identity: False Identities
• split command: Decoding Form Input
• spreadsheets, CSV data format in: DBD::CSV
• SQL (Structured Query Language): Introduction to SQL
• • accessing CSV-format data with: DBD::CSV
  • accessing data: Accessing Data
  • inserting data: Inserting Data
  • Oracle PL/SQL developing language: Separating Storage from Your Primary Code
  • queries: Separating Storage from Your Primary Code
  • • passing to prepare command: Database querying
    • starting with execute command: Database querying
  • troubleshooting errors: Address tutorial database creation script
• SRC attribute: Image buttons
• SSI (Server Side Includes): Server Side Includes
• • # in: Common Errors
  • access counters: Executing CGI Programs
  • boilerplate files: Including Boilerplates
  • CGI script execution, enabling to use exec command: Configuration
  • commands: Server Side Includes
  • • Format
    • environment variables, inserting into static HTML documents: Environment Variables
    • exec command: Configuration
  • enabling without enabling exec tag: Configuration
  • Mason module component approach vs.: Component Approach
  • parsing CGI output, inability to: Server Side Includes
  • servers, configuring to parse: Configuration
• SSL (Secure Socket Layer)
• • CGI programs and: HTTP
  • https connections using: Encryption
• stale responses, determining: Caching
• standard input (see input STDIN)
• standard output (see output STDOUT)
• standard syntax, CGI.pm module: Standard and Object-Oriented Syntax
• start tags (XML), defining handler for: CGI Gateway to XML Middleware
• starting and ending HTML documents: Starting and Ending Documents
• starting bracket pair: Embperl code blocks
• state
• • maintaining: Maintaining State
  • • client-side cookies: Client-Side Cookies
    • hidden fields: Hidden Fields
    • query strings and extra path information: Query Strings and Extra Path Information
    • summary of techniques for: Maintaining State
• stateless (nonpersistent) HTTP requests: Maintaining State
• static documents
• • HTML
  • • embedding dynamic text banners in: Image Processing
    • for web server response: Introduction to CGI
    • for general errors: Check the Client Browser
  • language and media type negotiation for: Internationalization
• static HTML documents, inserting environment variables into: Environment Variables
• static vs. dynamic resources: How CGI Is Used Today
• status
• • Image::Magick, returning with method calls: Converting PNGs to GIFs or JPEGs
  • system calls, checking: Check Status of System Calls
• status codes: The Status Line
• • header method, specifying with: Status
  • printing: Specifying status codes
  • redirection of client request: Location
  • specifying with Status header, CGI output: Specifying status codes
• status headers
• • CGI scripts, output: Partial Headers
  • CGI scritps, output: Specifying status codes
  • common, description of: Specifying status codes
• status line: HTTP Headers
• • Server Responses
  • complete headers, including in: Complete (Non-Parsed) Headers
• STDERR (standard error): File Handles
• • output to, sending to server error log: Dying Gracefully
  • server error logs and: Check Error Logs
• STDIN (standard input): Introduction to CGI
• • File Handles
  • GET requests, problems with: STDIN
  • tainted data, checking for: How Taint Works
• STDOUT (standard output): Introduction to CGI
• • File Handles
  • buffering output to, header errors and: "Malformed" Header
  • CGI programs, printing to: STDOUT
  • Embperl module, use of: Embperl code blocks
• stem.pl program: Inverted Index Search
• Storable module: MLDBM
• storage, separating from primary code: Separating Storage from Your Primary Code
• store.cgi script (example): Testing for Cookies
• strategic developing: Architectural Guidelines
• • directories, organizing projects with: Use Directories to Organize Your Projects
• strict mode: Sample CGI
• • mod_perl, use with: mod_perl Considerations
• strict module
• • error prevention in Perl and CGI scripts: Use strict
  • • restrictions, turning off: Use strict
• strings
• • command-line options taking arguments, indicating: Inverted Index Search
  • double quoted, @ character in: Image Processing
  • format:filename string: Converting PNGs to GIFs or JPEGs
  • perl treatment of: Why Perl?
• structure, Internet email: Structure of Internet Email
• Structured Query Language (see SQL)
• style guide topics, CGI application coding: Coding Guidelines
• style sheets
• • HTML documents, defining for: start_html
  • XML documents, guiding browser display: An Introduction to XML
• Subject field, email messages: Structure of Internet Email
• submit buttons: Submit buttons
• • actions, specifying for CGI script to perform: Address tutorial CGI script
  • flow, controlling with: Using Submit Buttons to Control Flow
  • image buttons, supporting as: Supporting image buttons as submit buttons
  • online music browser example: Example
  • validating form input: Validating submits
  • • Validation example
• subroutines
• • array context and: Decoding Form Input
  • bareword vs. strict: Use strict
  • capitalization of, standardizing: Coding Guidelines
  • constants, defining as (mod_perl): mod_perl Considerations
  • declarations, bracket pairs enclosing (Embperl): Embperl code blocks
  • display_whats_related_to_whats_related: CGI Gateway to XML Middleware
  • email addresses, validating: Validating Syntax
  • error handling: Error Subroutines
  • get subroutine: CGI Gateway to XML Middleware
  • get_whats_related_to_whats_related: CGI Gateway to XML Middleware
  • • CGI Gateway to XML Middleware
  • handle_start: CGI Gateway to XML Middleware
  • hiding with SelfLoader module: SelfLoader
  • requests, handling (shopping cart example): Hidden Fields
  • with same name, avoiding collisions of: Standard and Object-Oriented Syntax
  • strict rules for, using: Sample CGI
  • sub parse_form_data (example): Decoding Form Input
  • tainted variables, checking for: How Taint Works
  • URI::URL module: URL Encoding
• suffixes to words, removing: Inverted Index Search
• symbolic links, security problems with: Configuring by directory
• symbolic references, preventing with strict reference mode: Use strict
• symlinks, mapping website content into the corresponding directories on web server: Use Directories to Organize Your Projects
• syntax
• • CGI programs, checking: Check Syntax
  • email addresses, validating: Validating Syntax
  • invalid, web browser requests: Specifying status codes
  • Perl, checking for errors: "Malformed" Header
  • SSI commands: Format
  • XML, simplicity of: An Introduction to XML
• system functions
• • checking status for error prevention: Check Status of System Calls
  • commonly used: Check Status of System Calls
  • exec: The Pound-Bang
• system loads, calculating and graphing (loads.cgi script): Using GD
• systems, problems with output stream buffering: Unbuffer Output Stream

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