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Index: L

• -l (automatic line ending) command-line switch: Switches
• -l (symbolic link) file test: Named Unary and File Test Operators
• labels: Compound Statements
• • Loop Control
  • with goto statement: goto
  • • goto
  • with loops: Loop Statements
  • • Loop Control
    • Developing with Style
  • names for: Names
  • packages and: Packages
• language extensions, Perl modules for: The CPAN modules Directory
• languages
• • checking characters for: Unicode block properties
  • natural vs. artificial: Natural and Artificial Languages
  • translating: Generating Perl in Other Languages
• last operator: Breaking out: next and last
• • Developing with Style
  • for Loops
  • Loop Control
  • Loop Control
  • Case Structures
  • Time Efficiency
  • last
  • do {} while construct, not taking: Traps
  • used in a do while: Bare Blocks
• $LAST_PAREN_MATCH: Special Variables in Alphabetical Order
• lc function: lc
• lcfirst function: lcfirst
• left justification: Format Variables
• left-shift (<<) operator: Shift Operators
• leftmost longest matching: Quantifiers
• length
• • of matched string: Special Variables in Alphabetical Order
  • of arrays: Array Length
  • of strings: Time Efficiency
• LENGTH (awk variable): Special Variables in Alphabetical Order
• length function: length
• • byte-oriented wrapper for: Effects of Character Semantics
• length, matching: Quantifiers
• less module: Perl Language Extensions and Internals
• less than (<) operator: Relational Operators
• less than or equal (<=) operator: Relational Operators
• lexer: Compiling Your Code
• lexical analysis: How Perl Works
• • in the Perl compiler: Compiling Your Code
• lexical scopes: Names
• • Lexically Scoped Variables: my
  • pragmas and: Pragmas
  • package variables, searching for: Name Lookups
  • variables attached to: Names
• lexical variables: Formats
• • my
  • accessing from functions: Scoping Issues
  • file-scoped, storing anonymous subroutine in: Private Methods
  • in functions or files, showing: Perl Compiler and Code Generator
  • persistence across function calls: Scoping Issues
  • recursive lexical pad stack: Executing Your Code
  • symbolic references and: Symbolic References
  • threads, accessing in: Data Access
• lexical warnings: Warnings and Exceptions
• • ${^WARNING_BITS}: Special Variables in Alphabetical Order
• lexically scoped declarations: Scoped Declarations
• lexicals: Scoped Variable Declarations
• • (see also lexical scope)
• lib module: Module Installation Support
• lib pragma: Using Modules
• • C/C++, loading as Perl extensions: Module Installation Support
  • • Module Installation Support
  • ExtUtils::Liblist module: Module Installation Support
  • math library, C: Using Functions from an External C Library
  • Perl, installing modules into: Installing CPAN Modules into the Perl Library
  • Perl library files, searching for: Environment Variables
  • uninstalled extensions from MakeMaker: Module Installation Support
• life cycle, Perl programs: The Life Cycle of a Perl Program
• • code generation phase: The Life Cycle of a Perl Program
  • compilation phase: The Life Cycle of a Perl Program
  • execution phase: The Life Cycle of a Perl Program
  • parse tree reconstruction: The Life Cycle of a Perl Program
• __LINE__; setting: Generating Perl in Other Languages
• line counter (see $. variable)
• line-end processing, automatic: Switches
• line input operators (see angle operator)
• • Other Literal Tokens
  • of input file: Special Variables in Alphabetical Order
• line-oriented quoting: "Here" Documents
• line reading operator: Filehandles
• line separator character: Molecules
• line terminators, Internet programs: Networking Servers
• __LINE__ token: Other Literal Tokens
• LineInfo option (debugger): Debugger Options
• • boundary assertions: Beginnings: The \A and ^ Assertions
• link function: link
• links: readlink
• • HTTP, searching for: Regular Expressions
• lint (C program verifier): Code Development Tools
• list interpolation: List Values and Arrays
• list context: List Processing
• • Scalar and List Context
  • angle operator in: Line Input (Angle) Operator
  • backslash operator, supplying: Other Tricks You Can Do with Hard References
  • comma operator in: Comma Operators
  • conditional operator in: Conditional Operator
  • evaluating expressions in (debugger): Display
  • expressions in (see LISTs)
  • forcing scalar context instead: scalar
  • foreach statements, providing: The foreach statement
  • functions in: Functions
  • hash variables, using in: Hashes
  • hashes in: Hashes.
  • list assignment in: Assignment Operators
  • lvalues in: Scoped Variable Declarations
  • m// (match) operator in: The m// Operator (Matching)
  • m//g, listing all matches found: The m// Operator (Matching)
  • operations behaving differently in: Frequently Ignored Advice
  • range (..) operator in: Range Operator
  • recognizing in debugger: Using the Debugger
  • subroutines, calling and evaluating in: Semantics
• list method, current thread objects in process: Listing current threads
• list operators: Unary and Binary Operators
• • Terms and List Operators (Leftward)
  • List Operators (Rightward)
  • unary operators, distinguishing from: Named Unary and File Test Operators
• list values, arrays and
• • List Values and Arrays
  • List Values and Arrays
• listen function: listen
• listing code: Locating Code
• LISTs: List Processing
• • Compound Statements
• $LIST_SEPARATOR: Special Variables in Alphabetical Order
• literals: The Regular Expression Bestiary
• • numeric (see numeric literals)
  • pseudoliterals (see input operators)
  • string (see string literals)
  • UTF-8, enabling use in: Effects of Character Semantics
• little-endian: Endianness and Number Width
• loading data structures: Generation of a Hash of Complex Records
• • filehandles: Typeglobs and Filehandles
  • signal handler assignment: Signals
  • variables: Scoped Variable Declarations
  • • local
    • my declarations, using for: Frequently Ignored Advice
• local declaration: local
• local function: Scoped Variable Declarations
• • Lexically Scoped Variables: my
  • local
  • common developing errors with: Universal Blunders
  • my declaration, using instead of: Frequently Ignored Advice
• local operator, using on global variables: Dynamically Scoped Variables: local
• locale, Perl modules for: The CPAN modules Directory
• locale module: Internationalization and Locale
• locales
• • decimal points in formats: Formats
  • declarations, string comparisons and: Relational Operators
  • modules for: Internationalization and Locale
  • Perl character class shortcuts and: Classic Perl Character Class Shortcuts
  • Unicode and: lc
  • use locale pragma with POSIX character classes: POSIX-Style Character Classes
• localization: The CPAN modules Directory
• • (see also locale)
• localized values, saving: Executing Your Code
• localtime function: localtime
• • Data Types
  • Operating System Interfaces
• lock function
• • data access control in threads: Synchronizing access with lock
  • reference as argument for: What Is a Reference?
• locked attribute: New Tricks
• locked attribute (subroutines): Subroutine Attributes
• locking: lock
• locking files: File Locking
• • DBM files: File Locking
  • • dbmopen
  • dissolving locks by closing files: File Locking
  • flock function: flock
  • shared and exclusive locks: File Locking
• locking methods: Locking methods
• locking subroutines: Locking subroutines
• log function: log
• logarithm: log
• LOGDIR variable: Environment Variables
• logfiles, Perl modules for: The CPAN modules Directory
• logical
• • AND (&&) operator: C-Style Logical (Short-Circuit) Operators
  • negation (!) operator: Ideographic Unary Operators
  • operators: C-Style Logical (Short-Circuit) Operators
  • • Logical and, or, not, and xor
  • OR (||) operator: C-Style Logical (Short-Circuit) Operators
  • separation, parent and child processes: The Process Model
• logical operators: Logical Operators
• • or operator use with list operators: Global Declarations
  • overloading: Overloadable Operators
  • Perl, doing alternation: Letting Perl Do the Work
  • precedence of: Syntactic Snafus with Indirect Objects
• login names
• • functions dealing with: Perl Functions by Category
  • getgrent function: getgrent
  • getgrgid function, returning: getgrgid
  • getgrnam function, returning: getgrnam
  • getlogin function for: getlogin
• long longs: pack
• longs: pack
• lookahead: Lookaround Assertions
• lookaround: Lookaround Assertions
• lookbehind: Lookaround Assertions
• loops: Iterative (Looping) Constructs
• • Loop Statements
  • Universal Blunders
  • Developing with Style
  • comments and blank lines, discarding before processing: Letting Perl Do the Work
  • control operators for: Loop Control
  • eval function within: Time Efficiency
  • extracting slices, multidimensional arrays: Slices
  • for loops: The for statement
  • foreach loops: The foreach statement
  • \G assertion, using in: Where You Left Off: The \G Assertion
  • infinite: for Loops
  • iteration through: for Loops
  • labels for: Loop Control
  • last operator: for Loops
  • • last
  • next and last operators: Breaking out: next and last
  • next operator: next
  • redo operator and: redo
  • reset function and: reset
  • s/// (substitution) operator, using on arrays: Modifying strings en passant
  • using for: for Loops
  • using in (global substitutions): When a global substitution just isn't global enough
  • using until: while and until Statements
  • using while: while and until Statements
  • while loops: The while and until statements
• lowercase, converting to: String Literals
• lport manpage, function portability information: Perl Functions in Alphabetical Order
• lstat function: lstat
• • lstat
  • Filenames, Filesystems, and File Locking
• lvalues: Variables
• • assignment operators and: Assignment Operators
  • lvalue attribute, subroutines: Subroutine Attributes
  • • The lvalue Attribute
  • methods, declaring to indicate return of: New Tricks
  • modifiers and: Scoped Variable Declarations
  • operators and: Assignment Operators
  • pattern-matching operators, use on: Pattern-Matching Operators

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