Barra da Tijuca - Brasil

Barra da Tijuca
- borough -
Aerial view
Nickname(s): Barra
Country Brazil
State Rio de Janeiro
Population
• Total 300,823

Barra da Tijuca is a famous borough in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, located southwest of the city on the Atlantic Ocean. Barra, as it is popularly known, will have most of the venues of the 2016 Summer Olympics, which will be the first edition held in South America. Barra is well known for its beaches and its uncountable lakes and rivers. Barra da Tijuca is also the name of the economic center of the borough, the neighborhood of Barra da Tijuca, classified as one of the richest places in the country and based on the 2010 Brazil Census, it has the highest HDI (0.970) in Brazil. It is believed to be the safest of Rio's upper-class neighborhoods due to its lack of favelas and plentiful private and public security. With large mansions and luxury condominiums, Barra da Tijuca is well known for being the home of celebrities, soccer stars and the new Brazilian elite society, along with the majority middle class of the region.

Barra da Tijuca is divided into eight municipal districts (officially neighbourhoods): Barra da Tijuca neighborhood, Recreio dos Bandeirantes, Vargem Pequena, Vargem Grande, Camorim, Grumari, Joá, and Itanhangá. Its total area is 165.59 km². Those born in Barra da Tijuca, or those who live there, are called Barristas.

Barra, as it is popularly known, will host most of the venues of the 2016 Summer Olympics, which will be the first edition held in South America.

Demographic data indicates that the region is the fastest growing county in Rio: 98,851 in 1991, 174,353 in 2000, and 300,823 in 2010.

The neighborhood of Barra da Tijuca is the cultural, economic, and administrative center of the borough.

Contents

Etymology

The name Barra da Tijuca can be roughly translated as 'Swamp Sandbank'. Barra means port entrance or sandbank, and Tijuca is a word originally from the Tupi ty-yúc and means putrid water, mud, swamp, puddle, clay or clay-pit.

History

The region of Barra da Tijuca was originally a huge beach, With typical undergrowth sandbanks. The area full of swamps and unsuitable for planting, remained unoccupied until the middle of the twentieth century, even though there were occasional groups of fishermen who frequented the region.

In the year 1667, The region was given to religious Benedictines, who implanted devices only in the neighborhoods of Camorim Vargem Pequena, and Vargem Grande.

In 1900, the lands of Barra da Tijuca and Baixada Jacarepaguá were sold to the company Remedial Territorial Agricultural and SA, still large land owner in the area, ESTA, among others. The concentration of large tracts of land in the hands of a few was one of the causes of its late growth. Adding to the difficulty of access to the region is the fact that it is separated from the rest of the municipality by large mountain ranges with peaks ranging from 800-1200 meters.

The effective occupation of the area took place initially by its two ends, both in current Jardim Oceanico and in Recreio dos Bandeirantes. A bridge was then built by private initiative over the Tijuca Lagoon to serve the area's new inhabitants.

The hallmark of the early development of Barra da Tijuca, however, occurred in the administration of Governor Negrão de Lima, the former governor of the state of Guanabara, who commissioned the planner Lúcio Costa, an urban designer for the region. The Masterplan for Barra in 1969, was similar to the Masterplan of Brasília. It was inspired by American urban planning style with wide boulevards and large open spaces, which definitely marked the beginning of the peculiar lifestyle of Barra.

In the 1970s the Lagoa-Barra highway was built, which allowed a greater development since it reduced the time to go to the South Zone of the city of Rio. At that same time, big planned condominiums which inspired "the new way of life", how it is commonly called, were developed in Barra, such as the condominiums Nova Ipanema and Novo Leblon.

In the 1990s, another large urban development that enabled better connection with the North Zone of Rio was the creation of the Yellow Line, an expressway linking Barra da Tijuca to the Galeão International Airport. Since then, the growth of Barra da Tijuca has been characterized by large inflows of people from all parts of the metropolitan region of Rio de Janeiro looking for the "paradise city".

Barra City's Project

During the 1980s, Barra da Tijuca has experienced a population explosion, with virtually all the land along its boulevards occupied by large residential condominiums, parks, supermarkets, shopping malls, schools and hospitals. The avenues were widened and received traffic lights. At this time there was a movement of emancipation of Barra to become a city, but while those who voted for emancipation in a referendum were the majority, the numbers were not enough to implement it.

There is still a bill in progress in the Legislative Assembly of Rio de Janeiro looking for the formation of a new council formed by the region's districts (Barra, Recreio, Grumari, Vargem Pequena, Vargem Grande, Itanhangá, Joá e Camorim) with the name of Barra da Tijuca. The project, however, depends on the approval of the Bill in the Federal Congress PEC 13/03, which transfers to the states the power to legislate on this matter, as it was until 1996.

Lifestyle

Península's residential towers.

As the most recent region, built only about thirty years ago, Barra introduced a new concept of life in the country. A concept characterized by big luxury condominiums with an incredible leisure infrastructure (sports courts, pools, private groves and lakes, spas, gyms), all of that inside of the condominium for the use of its residents and guests. The "neighborhood-condos" as they were named have the idea of creating an exclusive neighborhood for its residents, making it possible for them to live a complete life without the need to leave the condominium. Beyond the whole entertainment offered, the condos also have a high security system to ensure the privacy and safety of its residents. The residential areas of Barra are also known as environmentally friendly.

The region is characterized by a car-culture, and is crossed by three main routes: the Avenue of the Americas - "Avenida das Américas" (main road in the region; it has approximately 21 km), "Avenida Ayrton Senna" (which connects the district of Barra and the Yellow Line, or 'Linha Amarela' highway) and "Avenida Lúcio Costa," formerly Sernambetiba Avenue, along the coast.

Most famous local areas

Jardim Oceânico

Jardim Oceânico (Ocean Garden, in Portuguese) is a sub-district of Barra da Tijuca. Predominantly formed by three-story buildings, is an area similar to the South Zone of Rio de Janeiro.

Península

Peninsula marked Rio's residential history. Designed by a real state company, the original project consisted in the creation of a new neighborhood being environmentally friendly. However, due to the unexpected fast appreciation of the site, the project for the Península Barra (former name) change from being a neighborhood to a private condominium, making the Península (which has the same size of Leblon's neighborhood) the newest and first eco-friendly condo in Rio de Janeiro. Located in the heart of Barra, right behind the BarraShopping in an area surrounded by its own private lake (Península Bay) and an big leisure infrastructure, Península won the prize of the best condo in Brazil. The condo which still has some towers under construction, will consist at its completion of: 62 residential towers, 2 business towers, a mini mall, 5 theme gardens and 2 big parks. Due to the huge success, the project became a parameter to many other condos in Barra. The real estate 'boom' in Rio right after the city was chosen for the 2016 Summer Olympic Games totally affected the prices in Península; the prices increased 180%, making the m2 in Península the most expensive in the city of Rio de Janeiro. The condo considered by the 'cariocas' as one of the best family condo in the city is now one of the favorite places of the celebrities of Rede Globo. Península is also one of the most competitive places to buy an apartment unit. It is 97% sold out with 78% of occupancy.

Areas formed only by residential towers

Areas formed by houses and residential towers

Areas formed by houses

Education

Several universities have a campus in the district, including Universidade Estácio de Sá, Pontifícia Universidade Católica, Universidade Gama Filho, Universidade Veiga de Almeida and Instituto Brasileiro de Mercado de Capitais. The district also has some of the best private schools in the city.

Shopping malls

New York City Center

The neighborhood of Barra is home to many fancy, modern and mega-malls, the most notable being the BarraShopping (the largest mall in South America with nearly 700 stores, restaurants, cinemas and bowling), the New York City Center, the Rio Design Barra and the 'Downtown'. There is still a new shopping under construction, the Village Mall, it will be the most exclusive and luxury shopping in Rio de Janeiro. List of the most important malls:

Sign BarraShopping

Entertainment

There are many kinds of entertainment like, nightclubs, cinemas, restaurants, kart, bowling, beaches and more. However, Barra is well known for being the right place to have a night life. With many clubs filled with young good-looking boys and girls opened the whole night, Barra can feel even more Miami than Miami. Barra da Tijuca is the favorite place of the upper class Brazilian youth.

Gastronomy

Barra has not only architectural influences. The influence of the whole world, especially from Europe and Asia, can be easily found by the presence of restaurants of many different countries. Finding a place to eat in this neighborhood is not the hardest thing to do. The only problem is to decide where to go, and of course, be able to pay a large amount of money at the best and also most expensive restaurants in the city. The neighborhood has restaurants whose cuisines represent the countries of Italy, Japan, China, Portugal, Germany, Saudi Arabia, Australia, Finland, Austria, Spain, Mexico, France, India, Peru, Poland, Switzerland, Thailand,etc.

Transportation

There are 3 main avenues in Barra: Avenida das Américas (which connects almost the whole area of Barra), Avenida Ayrton Senna (former Avenida Alvorada, which connects Barra to Jacarepaguá neighbourhood) and Avenida Lúcio costa (former Avenida Sernambetiba, which passes alongside the beach). In all directions, the view includes lakes, mountains and the sea. The connection works of Barra with the rest of the urban network, transposing the Maciço da Tijuca (Lagoa-Barra highway and Via Amarela) are among the most expensive works already carried out in Rio, confirming the city's road transport choice. With a good transportation system, Barra, has many bus routes and in 2009, the Barra's subway line started to be built for the Rio Olympic Games in 2016.

Jacarepaguá Airport, an airport specialized in general aviation, is also located in the neighborhood.

Barra in sports

The beach

The 18 km long beach is the largest Rio de Janeiro's beach. Barra's beach starts at Morro do Joá and ends at the Recreio dos Bandeirantes neighborhood, in Pontal de Sernambetiba, beyond Avenida Lúcio Costa. Most of its waters are clear and green, and have an uncommon wave formation. Barra da Tijuca beach is one of the most sought after beaches by surfers, windsurfers, bodyboarders and fishing enthusiasts. There is also a cycle lane along the beach.

Curiosities

Cidade da Música.

Criticisms

The influence from different countries is criticized by many Brazilians, especially concerning the 88-foot-high replica of the Statue of Liberty in the New York City Center. Barra also has replicas of many international architectural icons like the Leaning Tower of Pisa, the Tower Bridge of London, and the Eiffel Tower of Paris. With such an international influence, Barra can be defined as having the Miami or Los Angeles lifestyle mixed with the abundance of international architectural icons as Las Vegas. While Rio's traditional neighborhoods recall Lisbon, Barcelona or Rome, the atmosphere in Barra da Tijuca is more like that of North American cities like Miami or Los Angeles. While that sort of thing may be common in the rest of South America, it has not always been so in Brazil. Brazilian traditional high society has had an ambivalent attitude toward the United States but adores all things European, especially French, which helps explain the profusion of luxury beachfront apartment buildings in neighborhoods of old Rio that have names like Cap Ferrat and Château d'Amboise or that honor French cultural icons like Mallarmé, Baudelaire and Degas. Although such influences from European countries are appreciated by the Brazilian traditional high society, to the "guardians" of the traditional values in Rio de Janeiro, similar blatant imitations of and homage to the United States (replica of the Statue of Liberty) in Barra come as an affront.

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