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ab-stract: disassociated from any specific instance
Webster's Dictionary
A compiler must do more than recognize whether a sentence belongs to the language of a grammar - it must do something useful with that sentence. The semantic actions of a parser can do useful things with the phrases that are parsed.
In a recursive-descent parser, semantic action code is interspersed with the control flow of the parsing actions. In a parser specified in JavaCC, semantic actions are fragments of Java program code attached to grammar productions. SableCC, on the other hand, automatically generates syntax trees as it parses.
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