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Index: I

--install option (rpm): Using the Red Hat Package Manager (TCP/IP Network Administration)
I flag (Linux routing table): The Routing Table (TCP/IP Network Administration)
iamin script: Who's Logging into My Machine? (I-Am-in) (Essential SNMP)
IANA (Internet Assigned Numbers Authority)
- address requests: Obtaining an official network address (TCP/IP Network Administration)
- enterprise number assignments: Naming OIDs (Essential SNMP)
- MIB vendor lists: Getting More Information (Essential SNMP)
- protocol and port numbers: Protocols, Ports, and Sockets (TCP/IP Network Administration)
IBM (see AIX)
ICA (Independent Computing Architecture): Remote Graphic Interfaces for Microsoft Operating Systems (Building Internet Firewalls)
- Independent Computing Architecture (ICA) (Building Internet Firewalls)
ICANN (Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers): Top-Level Domains (DNS and Bind)
- domain name registrars: Creating Domains and Subdomains (TCP/IP Network Administration)
- domain names, registering: Obtaining a Domain Name (TCP/IP Network Administration)
ICMP (Internet Control Message Protocol): Recommendations (DNS and Bind)
- Network Diagnostics (Building Internet Firewalls)
- ICMP (Building Internet Firewalls)
- ICMP and Network Diagnostics (Building Internet Firewalls)
- Internet Control Message Protocol (TCP/IP Network Administration)
- alternatives to ping: echoping (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
- blocking traffic: Smurf Attacks (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
- DOS attacks and: Security and ICMP (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
- echo: ping (Building Internet Firewalls)
- - ping (Building Internet Firewalls)
  - (see also ping)
- Echo Message: Internet Control Message Protocol (TCP/IP Network Administration)
- error messages: Interpreting results (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
- One name server configured (DNS and Bind)
- - outages and: Outages (DNS and Bind)
- filtering traffic: Protocol and port filtering. (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
- low priorities for traffic: Other problems (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
- monitoring with tkined: ICMP monitoring (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
- ntop plugins for: Web mode (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
- packets: Other ICMP Packets (Building Internet Firewalls)
- ping and: Using ping to check network connectivity (Managing NFS and NIS)
- - How ping Works (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
- port scanning and: nmap (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
- Redirect Message: Internet Control Message Protocol (TCP/IP Network Administration)
- returning error codes: Returning Error Codes (Building Internet Firewalls)
- sending packets with hping tool: hping (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
- sending packets with nemesis: nemesis (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
- sequence numbers in ping results: Interpreting results (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
- Source Quench Message: Internet Control Message Protocol (TCP/IP Network Administration)
- - Internet Control Message Protocol (TCP/IP Network Administration)
- tracert tool and: Microsoft Windows (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
ICMP parameter problem header: Appendix g.3. ICMP Parameter Problem Message Header (TCP/IP Network Administration)
ICMP Redirect: Adding Static Routes (TCP/IP Network Administration)
ICMP redirect message: Routers and their routing tables (Managing NFS and NIS)
ICMP requests: SystemEDGE (Essential SNMP)
ICMP Router Discovery Messages: Recommendations (DNS and Bind)
ICMP Router Discovery Protocol (IRDP): Router Discovery/ICMP Router Discovery Protocol (IRDP) (Building Internet Firewalls)
icmp statement (gated): The icmp Statement (TCP/IP Network Administration)
ICMP Unreachable Port message: Tracing Routes (TCP/IP Network Administration)
ICP (Internet Cache Protocol): Internet Cache Protocol (ICP) (Building Internet Firewalls)
ICQ: ICQ (Building Internet Firewalls)
id_dsa_1024_a file: SSH2 Identities (SSH, The Secure Shell)
id_dsa_1024_a.pub file: SSH2 Identities (SSH, The Secure Shell)
IDEA (International Data Encryption Algorithm): Encryption Algorithms (Building Internet Firewalls)
- International Data Encryption Algorithm (IDEA) (SSH, The Secure Shell)
idempotent NFS requests: Statelessness and crash recovery (Managing NFS and NIS)
identd: Auth and identd (Building Internet Firewalls)
Identification field: Fragmenting datagrams (TCP/IP Network Administration)
identification files: SSH2 Identities (SSH, The Secure Shell)
identifying hardware types: Stack Fingerprinting (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
identifying network nodes (see device discovery)
identifying paths: Path Discovery with traceroute (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
identities: What Is an Identity? (SSH, The Secure Shell)
- User Identity (SSH, The Secure Shell)
- creating: Creating an Identity (SSH, The Secure Shell)
- OpenSSH: OpenSSH Identities (SSH, The Secure Shell)
- .pub file: SSH1 Identities (SSH, The Secure Shell)
- SSH1: SSH1 Identities (SSH, The Secure Shell)
identity files: Generating Key Pairs with ssh-keygen (SSH, The Secure Shell)
- The SSH Agent (SSH, The Secure Shell)
- Identity and Authorization Files (SSH, The Secure Shell)
IdentityFile: User Identity (SSH, The Secure Shell)
IdKey, identification files: SSH2 Identities (SSH, The Secure Shell)
idle option (pppd): The PPP Daemon (TCP/IP Network Administration)
idle-timeout option: Setting Idle Timeout (SSH, The Secure Shell)
idle timeouts: Idle connections (SSH, The Secure Shell)
IDLE_TIME parameter, nfslogd daemon: Other configuration parameters (Managing NFS and NIS)
IdleTimeout: Idle connections (SSH, The Secure Shell)
- overriding: Setting Idle Timeout (SSH, The Secure Shell)
IdPgpKeyFingerprint: PGP authentication (SSH, The Secure Shell)
IdPgpKeyId: PGP authentication (SSH, The Secure Shell)
IdPgpKeyName: PGP authentication (SSH, The Secure Shell)
IDRP (InterDomain Routing Protocol): Border Gateway Protocol (TCP/IP Network Administration)
IEEE website: arp (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
Ierrs field (netstat command): The Interface Name (TCP/IP Network Administration)
IETF (Internet Engineering Task Force): NFS Version 4 (Managing NFS and NIS)
- NFS and IPSec (Managing NFS and NIS)
- History of SSH (SSH, The Secure Shell)
- agent extensions: Look Ahead (Essential SNMP)
- IPv6: CIDR Blocks and Route Aggregation (TCP/IP Network Administration)
- LDAP and: Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP) (Managing NFS and NIS)
- protocol development: Protocol Standards (TCP/IP Network Administration)
- RFCs: RFCs and SNMP Versions (Essential SNMP)
- SNMPv3 group: Final Words on SNMPv3 (Essential SNMP)
- - Final Words on SNMPv3 (Essential SNMP)
if command (dip): The dip Script File (TCP/IP Network Administration)
Iface field (Linux routing table): The Routing Table (TCP/IP Network Administration)
ifAdminStatus object (MIB): RMON configuration (Essential SNMP)
- Sending Traps with Net-SNMP (Essential SNMP)
ifcfg-eth0 file (Linux): Assigning a Subnet Mask (TCP/IP Network Administration)
ifcfg file (Linux): Assigning an Address (TCP/IP Network Administration)
ifconfig command: Outages (DNS and Bind)
- Virtual interfaces (Managing NFS and NIS)
- ifconfig (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
- Startup Files and Scripts (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
- ifconfig: interface configuration (Managing NFS and NIS)
- Access control and the loopback address (SSH, The Secure Shell)
- Reverse Address Resolution Protocol (TCP/IP Network Administration)
- Using Dynamically Loadable Modules (TCP/IP Network Administration)
- arguments: The ifconfig Command (TCP/IP Network Administration)
- ARP, enabling and disabling: ARP (TCP/IP Network Administration)
- boot sequence and: Initializing an interface (Managing NFS and NIS)
- broadcast addresses, assigning: Setting the Broadcast Address (TCP/IP Network Administration)
- DHCP and: Initializing an interface (Managing NFS and NIS)
- diagnostic troubleshooting: Diagnostic Tools (TCP/IP Network Administration)
- Ethernet promiscuous mode, enabling and disabling: Promiscuous mode (TCP/IP Network Administration)
- flags: Examining interfaces (Managing NFS and NIS)
- initializing interfaces: Initializing an interface (Managing NFS and NIS)
- IP addresses, assigning: Assigning an Address (TCP/IP Network Administration)
- mismatched host information: Mismatched host information (Managing NFS and NIS)
- MTU, changing: Maximum transmission unit (TCP/IP Network Administration)
- multiple interfaces: Multiple interfaces (Managing NFS and NIS)
- netmasks map: Subnetwork masks (Managing NFS and NIS)
- network interfaces
- - checking: Checking the Interface with ifconfig (TCP/IP Network Administration)
  - determining available: The Interface Name (TCP/IP Network Administration)
  - enabling and disabling: Enabling and disabling the interface (TCP/IP Network Administration)
- output: Examining interfaces (Managing NFS and NIS)
- overview: The ifconfig Command (TCP/IP Network Administration)
- root and: Examining interfaces (Managing NFS and NIS)
- routing metric, changing: Metric (TCP/IP Network Administration)
- Solaris
- - configuring PPP: Solaris PPP (TCP/IP Network Administration)
  - Ethernet: The ifconfig Command (TCP/IP Network Administration)
- startup files: Putting ifconfig in the startup scripts (TCP/IP Network Administration)
- subnet masks, assigning: Assigning a Subnet Mask (TCP/IP Network Administration)
- subnetwork masks: Subnetwork masks (Managing NFS and NIS)
- troubleshooting with: Troubleshooting with the ifconfig Command (TCP/IP Network Administration)
ifDescr object (MIB): RMON configuration (Essential SNMP)
- Using Input and Output Octets (Essential SNMP)
ifEntry object (MIB): Using Input and Output Octets (Essential SNMP)
IfEntry sequence (MIB): Defining OIDs (Essential SNMP)
- Defining OIDs (Essential SNMP)
ifIndex object (MIB): Sending Traps with Net-SNMP (Essential SNMP)
ifInOctets object (MIB): Using Input and Output Octets (Essential SNMP)
- bandwidth measurements: Using Input and Output Octets (Essential SNMP)
- graphing: OpenView Graphing (Essential SNMP)
- - Viewing Graphs (Essential SNMP)
  - Using Input and Output Octets (Essential SNMP)
- MRTG and: Using MRTG (Essential SNMP)
- polling in OpenView: OpenView Graphing (Essential SNMP)
iflist (gated): Trace Statements (TCP/IP Network Administration)
ifOperStatus object (MIB): RMON configuration (Essential SNMP)
- OpenView Graphing (Essential SNMP)
- Sending Traps with Net-SNMP (Essential SNMP)
- Using Input and Output Octets (Essential SNMP)
ifOutOctets object (MIB): Using Input and Output Octets (Essential SNMP)
- bandwidth measurements: Using Input and Output Octets (Essential SNMP)
- graphing: OpenView Graphing (Essential SNMP)
- - Viewing Graphs (Essential SNMP)
  - Using Input and Output Octets (Essential SNMP)
- MRTG and: Using MRTG (Essential SNMP)
- polling in OpenView: OpenView Graphing (Essential SNMP)
EthEthifref options: Pitfalls (Essential SNMP)
ifSpeed object (MIB): Using Input and Output Octets (Essential SNMP)
- Using Input and Output Octets (Essential SNMP)
- Using Input and Output Octets (Essential SNMP)
ifTable object (MIB): Defining OIDs (Essential SNMP)
- Defining OIDs (Essential SNMP)
ifType object (MIB): RMON configuration (Essential SNMP)
- OpenView Graphing (Essential SNMP)
- Using Input and Output Octets (Essential SNMP)
If%util: Using Input and Output Octets (Essential SNMP)
Igateway program: Using Proxy-Aware Application Software for Proxying (Building Internet Firewalls)
IGMP (Internet Group Management Protocol): Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP) (Building Internet Firewalls)
IGMP packets: Protocol and port filtering. (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
- nemesis (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
ignore parameter (gated): The routerdiscovery Statement (TCP/IP Network Administration)
IgnoreRhosts: Rhosts authentication (SSH, The Secure Shell)
IgnoreRootRhosts: Rhosts authentication (SSH, The Secure Shell)
- Root access control (SSH, The Secure Shell)
ignoretc option (nslookup): Option Settings (DNS and Bind)
IgnoreUserKnownHosts: Fetching public keys of known hosts (SSH, The Secure Shell)
ignoring
- devices (see filters)
- traps: The Alarm Browser (Essential SNMP)
IHL (Internet Header Length) field: The datagram (TCP/IP Network Administration)
IIOP (Internet Inter-Orb Protocol): Common Object Request Broker Architecture (CORBA) (Building Internet Firewalls)
ILL signal: Using Signals (DNS and Bind)
image (MIME data content type): Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions (TCP/IP Network Administration)
ImagePath registry key: Registry keys (Building Internet Firewalls)
IMAP(Internet Message Access Protocol): Securing IMAP Authentication (SSH, The Secure Shell)
- preauthenticated mode: Pine and preauthenticated IMAP (SSH, The Secure Shell)
- Electronic Mail (Building Internet Firewalls)
- Internet Message Access Protocol (IMAP) (Building Internet Firewalls)
- Internet Message Access Protocol (TCP/IP Network Administration)
- Specific Protocols (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
- commands: Internet Message Access Protocol (TCP/IP Network Administration)
- servers, configuring: IMAP Server (TCP/IP Network Administration)
- server, port number: Local Forwarding (SSH, The Secure Shell)
immutable attribute (BSD 4.4-Lite): Mount Filesystems as Read-Only (Building Internet Firewalls)
impedance, testing: Cable testers (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
implicit (sendmail K command value): The sendmail K Command (TCP/IP Network Administration)
import keyword (dbmmanage command): Improved user authentication (TCP/IP Network Administration)
import statement (gated): Control Statements (TCP/IP Network Administration)
- The import Statement (TCP/IP Network Administration)
importdefault parameter (gated): The egp Statement (TCP/IP Network Administration)
importing
- datatypes: Defining OIDs (Essential SNMP)
- external data: Using External Data (Essential SNMP)
in-addr.arpa domain: Mapping Addresses to Names (DNS and Bind)
- Obtaining an IN-ADDR.ARPA domain (TCP/IP Network Administration)
- delegating: Delegating an in-addr.arpa Zone (DNS and Bind)
- incorrect delegation, troubleshooting: rlogin and rsh to Host Fails Access Check (DNS and Bind)
- internal roots and: in-addr.arpa delegation (DNS and Bind)
- misconfigured servers and: Good Parenting (DNS and Bind)
- subdomains of: Subdomains of in-addr.arpa Domains (DNS and Bind)
in-addr.arpa zone
- registering: Registering Your Zones (DNS and Bind)
- securing delegation of: Registering Your Zones (DNS and Bind)
IN class: SOA Records (DNS and Bind)
IN value (DNS resource records): Standard Resource Records (TCP/IP Network Administration)
inactivity_timeout statement (Solaris PPP): Solaris PPP (TCP/IP Network Administration)
inbound packets: Be Careful of "Inbound" Versus "Outbound" Semantics (Building Internet Firewalls)
- filtering rules for: It Should Apply Rules Separately to Incoming and Outgoing Packets, on a Per-Interface Basis (Building Internet Firewalls)
- Telnet: Inbound Telnet Service (Building Internet Firewalls)
inc command (dip): The dip Script File (TCP/IP Network Administration)
incident response teams: CERT-CC or other incident response teams (Building Internet Firewalls)
- CERT-CC and other incident response teams (Building Internet Firewalls)
- Response Teams (Building Internet Firewalls)
- resources for: info.cert.org (Building Internet Firewalls)
incidents: Attacks Against Internet Services (Building Internet Firewalls)
- accidental: Stupidity and Accidents (Building Internet Firewalls)
- buffer overflow: How Well Is the Protocol Implemented? (Building Internet Firewalls)
- - JavaScript (Building Internet Firewalls)
- command-channel attacks: Command-Channel Attacks (Building Internet Firewalls)
- - Protecting Services (Building Internet Firewalls)
- contacting service providers about: Vendors and service providers (Building Internet Firewalls)
- data-driven attacks: Data-Driven Attacks (Building Internet Firewalls)
- - Protecting Services (Building Internet Firewalls)
- denial of service: Denial of Service (Building Internet Firewalls)
- - Protecting Services (Building Internet Firewalls)
  - ICMP and: ICMP and Network Diagnostics (Building Internet Firewalls)
- detecting, plan for: Planning for Detection (Building Internet Firewalls)
- documenting system after: Snapshot the System (Building Internet Firewalls)
- - planning for: Planning for Snapshots (Building Internet Firewalls)
- email viruses: Viruses and other hostilities (Building Internet Firewalls)
- evaluating, plan for: Planning for Evaluation of the Incident (Building Internet Firewalls)
- factoring attacks: Sun RPC Authentication (Building Internet Firewalls)
- false authentication of clients: False Authentication of Clients (Building Internet Firewalls)
- - Protecting Services (Building Internet Firewalls)
- hijacking: Hijacking (Building Internet Firewalls)
- - Protecting Services (Building Internet Firewalls)
  - SSH protection against: SSH session hijacking protection (Building Internet Firewalls)
- intrusions: Intrusion (Building Internet Firewalls)
- IP spoofing: IP Spoofing (Building Internet Firewalls)
- man-in-the-middle forgery: Risks of Filtering by Source Address (Building Internet Firewalls)
- multiple failed logins: The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly (Building Internet Firewalls)
- notifying people of: Make "Incident in Progress" Notifications (Building Internet Firewalls)
- - Planning for Notification of People Who Need to Know (Building Internet Firewalls)
- packet sniffing attacks: Packet Interception (Building Internet Firewalls)
- - Packet Sniffing (Building Internet Firewalls)
  - Protecting Services (Building Internet Firewalls)
- password attacks: One-Time Password Software (Building Internet Firewalls)
- playback attacks: False Authentication of Clients (Building Internet Firewalls)
- port scanning: Port Scanning (Building Internet Firewalls)
- practicing drills for: Doing Drills (Building Internet Firewalls)
- recovering from: Restore and Recover (Building Internet Firewalls)
- - planning for: Planning for Restoration and Recovery (Building Internet Firewalls)
- replay attacks: Replay (Building Internet Firewalls)
- - Protecting Services (Building Internet Firewalls)
- responding to: Responding to Attacks (Building Internet Firewalls)
- - Responding to Security Incidents (Building Internet Firewalls)
- reviewing, strategies for: Periodic Review of Plans (Building Internet Firewalls)
- social manipulation: Electronic Mail (Building Internet Firewalls)
- third-party attacks: Third-Party Attacks (Building Internet Firewalls)
- - Protecting Services (Building Internet Firewalls)
- tools and supplies for: Keeping a Cache of Tools and Supplies (Building Internet Firewalls)
- Trojan horse, ICMP and: ICMP and Network Diagnostics (Building Internet Firewalls)
- types of: What Are You Trying to Protect Against? (Building Internet Firewalls)
- using SSH: Secure Shell (SSH) (Building Internet Firewalls)
- weak TCP/IP implementations, exploiting: Implementation Weaknesses (Building Internet Firewalls)
$INCLUDE control statement: Organizing Your Files (DNS and Bind)
- Including Other Zone Data Files (DNS and Bind)
- Creating a Subdomain in the Parent's Zone (DNS and Bind)
- Master File Format (DNS and Bind)
include directive: Organizing Your Files (DNS and Bind)
- (DNS and Bind) E.2.8. include (4.9+)
$INCLUDE directive (zone files): The $INCLUDE directive (TCP/IP Network Administration)
- Zone File Records (TCP/IP Network Administration)
include files, gated: Directive Statements (TCP/IP Network Administration)
#include statements in C: Retrieving a Single MIB Value (Essential SNMP)
Includes (Options directive setting): Controlling Server Options (TCP/IP Network Administration)
IncludesNOEXEC (Options directive setting): Controlling Server Options (TCP/IP Network Administration)
incoming traffic (see ifInOctets object)
incoming traps (see receiving traps)
incompetence in management: Legal and ethical considerations (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
incremental zone transfers (IXFR): Incremental Zone Transfer (IXFR) (DNS and Bind)
- BIND 8/9, configuring for: IXFR Limitations (DNS and Bind)
- BIND 8/9 support for: Getting BIND (DNS and Bind)
incrementing serial number (see serial numbers)
indefinite tokens (sendmail pattern matching): Pattern Matching (TCP/IP Network Administration)
indelay parameter (gated): The bgp Statement (TCP/IP Network Administration)
Independent Computing Architecture (see ICA)
- Independent Computing Architecture (ICA) (Building Internet Firewalls)
independent screened subnet: Independent Screened Subnets (Building Internet Firewalls)
index files: Map files (Managing NFS and NIS)
indexes
- integer indexes in tables: Tables (Essential SNMP)
- prepending to tables: snmptable (Essential SNMP)
- in process-monitoring table: Advanced configuration (Essential SNMP)
- RMON event tables: RMON configuration (Essential SNMP)
indexes, directory (Apache): Creating a Fancy Index (TCP/IP Network Administration)
Indexes (Options directive setting): Controlling Server Options (TCP/IP Network Administration)
index=file option (share command): The share command (TCP/IP Network Administration)
index.html file (Apache): Configuring Apache on Solaris (TCP/IP Network Administration)
IndexIgnore directive (Apache): Creating a Fancy Index (TCP/IP Network Administration)
indexmaker (MRTG): Viewing Graphs (Essential SNMP)
- Graphing Other Objects (Essential SNMP)
- mrtg (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
- mrtg configuration file (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
- ntop, mrtg, and cricket on Windows (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
IndexOptions directive (httpd.conf file): Creating a Fancy Index (TCP/IP Network Administration)
indirect map configuration file (automounter): NFS Automounter (TCP/IP Network Administration)
indirect maps, automounter: Indirect maps (Managing NFS and NIS)
- multiple: Multiple indirection (Managing NFS and NIS)
- see also hierarchical mounts: Hierarchical mounts (Managing NFS and NIS)
ineligible parameter (gated): The routerdiscovery Statement (TCP/IP Network Administration)
inet6 option (resolv.conf file): The Resolver Configuration File (TCP/IP Network Administration)
inet6 parameter (gated): The isis Statement (TCP/IP Network Administration)
inet substatement: rndc and controls (BIND 9) (DNS and Bind)
inetd: Invocation by inetd (SSH, The Secure Shell)
- The Internet Daemon (TCP/IP Network Administration)
- imapd: Pine and preauthenticated IMAP (SSH, The Secure Shell)
- ps (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
- netstat (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
- Other Approaches to Logging (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
- Which Services Should You Leave Enabled? (Building Internet Firewalls)
- modifying for anonymous FTP: Limiting access to information (Building Internet Firewalls)
- services started by: Services started by inetd (Building Internet Firewalls)
inetd super-daemon: Internet and RPC server configuration (Managing NFS and NIS)
- RPC services and: Internet and RPC server configuration (Managing NFS and NIS)
inetd.conf file: Basic Configuration Files (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
- fields: The Internet Daemon (TCP/IP Network Administration)
- NFS daemons, starting: NFS Daemons (TCP/IP Network Administration)
- recommended setup: Disable Other Means of Access (SSH, The Secure Shell)
info domain: The Domain Hierarchy (TCP/IP Network Administration)
info parameter (gated)
- icmp statement: The icmp Statement (TCP/IP Network Administration)
- kernel statement: The kernel Statement (TCP/IP Network Administration)
info severity: Logging in BIND 8 and 9 (DNS and Bind)
inform messages: SNMPv3 Applications (Essential SNMP)
inform operations: SNMP inform (Essential SNMP)
- What Does SNMP-Compatible Really Mean? (Essential SNMP)
- snmpinform (Essential SNMP)
information disclosure (security risk): Assessing the Threat (TCP/IP Network Administration)
information lookup services: Information Lookup Services (Building Internet Firewalls)
information sources for troubleshooting: Sources of Information (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
information theft: Information theft (Building Internet Firewalls)
- espionage: Spies (industrial and otherwise) (Building Internet Firewalls)
informational RFCs: Protocol Standards (TCP/IP Network Administration)
INFORM_REQUEST message (SNMP): Overview of SNMP (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
InfoVista: Trend Analysis (Essential SNMP)
infrastructure costs: Economic considerations (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
infrastructure of network: Network infrastructure (Managing NFS and NIS)
init command (dip): The dip Script File (TCP/IP Network Administration)
init process: Which Services Should You Leave Enabled? (Building Internet Firewalls)
- in startup sequence: Startup Files and Scripts (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
init script option (pppd): The PPP Daemon (TCP/IP Network Administration)
init.d/httpd script (Apache): Using the Red Hat Package Manager (TCP/IP Network Administration)
initial costs: Economic considerations (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
Initial Sequence Number (ISN): Transmission Control Protocol (TCP/IP Network Administration)
initialization
- interfaces, ifconfig: Initializing an interface (Managing NFS and NIS)
- slave servers: Installing NIS slave servers (Managing NFS and NIS)
- name servers (debugging example): Name Server Startup (BIND 8, Debug Level 1) (DNS and Bind)
inittab file, runlevels and: Understanding /etc/inittab (TCP/IP Network Administration)
injecting packets (see packet injection tools)
inode cache: Server-side caching (Managing NFS and NIS)
inode structures, UNIX: Network File System Design and Operation (Managing NFS and NIS)
inodes, filehandles: Pathnames and filehandles (Managing NFS and NIS)
INPUT_MAIL_FILTER macro (sendmail): sendmail Macros (TCP/IP Network Administration)
in.rdisc, routing and: Static routing (Managing NFS and NIS)
in.routed, routing and: Static routing (Managing NFS and NIS)
insecure networks: Insecure Networks (Building Internet Firewalls)
insertion attacks: The Insertion Attack (SSH, The Secure Shell)
insist category: BIND 8 categories (DNS and Bind)
insmod command (Linux): Using Dynamically Loadable Modules (TCP/IP Network Administration)
installation
- Apache, overview: Installing Apache Software (TCP/IP Network Administration)
- cabling: Installing New Cabling (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
- directories: Installation, files, and directories (SSH, The Secure Shell)
- firewalls: Firewall testing (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
- managing installations: Characteristics of Management Software (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
- MIBs: Configuration and options (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
- - SNMP traps (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
- MRTG: Using MRTG (Essential SNMP)
- Net-SNMP: Net-SNMP (Formerly UCD-SNMP) (Essential SNMP)
- NIS environment: Basics of NIS management (Managing NFS and NIS)
- port collections: FreeBSD Ports (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
- PPP: Installing PPP (TCP/IP Network Administration)
- reinstalling software to resolve problems: General Approaches to Troubleshooting (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
- sendmail: Compiling sendmail (TCP/IP Network Administration)
- slave servers: Installing NIS slave servers (Managing NFS and NIS)
- SNMP on Microsoft Windows: Windows SNMP Setup (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
- SNMPc: Castle Rock's SNMPc Enterprise version (Essential SNMP)
- tools and software: Installing Software (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
- tracking software installations: Documentation (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
- troubleshooting strategies: Installation Testing (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
installed software, tracking: Host Management (Essential SNMP)
- Host Management Revisited (Essential SNMP)
installing
- BIND: Compiling and Installing BIND on Linux (DNS and Bind)
- filesystems as read-only: Mount filesystems as read-only (Building Internet Firewalls)
- - Mount Filesystems as Read-Only (Building Internet Firewalls)
- kernel: Reconfigure and Rebuild the Kernel (Building Internet Firewalls)
- operating system: Start with a Minimal Clean Operating System Installation (Building Internet Firewalls)
- services: Installing and Modifying Services (Building Internet Firewalls)
- - on Windows: Installing and Modifying Services (Building Internet Firewalls)
  - on Unix/Linux: Installing and Modifying Services (Building Internet Firewalls)
- software on machine: Reconfiguring for Production (Building Internet Firewalls)
- - Reconfiguring for Production (Building Internet Firewalls)
- SSH products: Installation and Compile-Time Configuration (SSH, The Secure Shell)
instances
- data collection and: Designing collections (Essential SNMP)
- identifiers: The get Operation (Essential SNMP)
- - Tables (Essential SNMP)
- labeling: OpenView Graphing (Essential SNMP)
- numbers: Retrieving Multiple MIB Values (Essential SNMP)
- - RMON configuration (Essential SNMP)
  - Disk-Space Checker (Essential SNMP)
int domain: The Domain Hierarchy (TCP/IP Network Administration)
INT signal: Using Signals (DNS and Bind)
integer indexes in tables: Tables (Essential SNMP)
integer serial numbers vs. digital serial numbers: SOA Serial Numbers (DNS and Bind)
- SOA Serial Numbers (DNS and Bind)
- (see also serial numbers)
integers, converting to strings: Tables (Essential SNMP)
integrated network management tools: Discovery and Mapping Tools (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
Integrated Services Digital Network (see ISDN)
integrity checking: The SSH Protocol (SSH, The Secure Shell)
- Integrity (SSH, The Secure Shell)
- Host Configurations (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
- Security Tools (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
- tripwire (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
- hash functions: Hash Functions (SSH, The Secure Shell)
- SSH-2: Integrity checking (SSH, The Secure Shell)
integrity of packages: Solaris Packages (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
intelligent proxy servers: Intelligent Proxy Servers (Building Internet Firewalls)
interactive sessions
- authentication methods: Connecting Without a Password or Passphrase (SSH, The Secure Shell)
- vs. noninteractive: Pseudo-terminal allocation (TTY/PTY/PTTY) (SSH, The Secure Shell)
InterDomain Routing Protocol (IDRP): Border Gateway Protocol (TCP/IP Network Administration)
interface argument (ifconfig command): The ifconfig Command (TCP/IP Network Administration)
interface interval: Interface interval (DNS and Bind)
interface-interval option (named): The options Statement (TCP/IP Network Administration)
interface parameter
- gated isis statement: The isis Statement (TCP/IP Network Administration)
- gated kernel statement: The kernel Statement (TCP/IP Network Administration)
- gated ospf statement: The ospf Statement (TCP/IP Network Administration)
- gated rip statement: The rip Statement (TCP/IP Network Administration)
- gated static statements: static Statements (TCP/IP Network Administration)
interfaces
- in ARP tables: arp (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
- bandwidth of: Using Input and Output Octets (Essential SNMP)
- calculating data-storage requirements: Hardware Considerations (Essential SNMP)
- capturing traffic data: Access to Traffic (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
- - Controlling program behavior (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
  - Using ethereal (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
- changing parameters: ifconfig (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
- configuration (ifconfig): ifconfig: interface configuration (Managing NFS and NIS)
- configuration information: netstat (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
- configuration retrieval: ifconfig (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
- configuring
- - checking: Checking the Interface with ifconfig (TCP/IP Network Administration)
  - ifconfig command: The ifconfig Command (TCP/IP Network Administration)
  - troubleshooting: Troubleshooting with the ifconfig Command (TCP/IP Network Administration)
- connectors (OSI Physical Layer): Data Communications Model (TCP/IP Network Administration)
- determining avaliable: The Interface Name (TCP/IP Network Administration)
- discovering: Controlling program behavior (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
- - mrtg configuration file (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
- enabling and disabling, ifconfig command: Enabling and disabling the interface (TCP/IP Network Administration)
- ethereal data capture: Using ethereal (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
- Ethernet: Frames and network interfaces (Managing NFS and NIS)
- - capacity, gauging: Gauging Ethernet interface capacity (Managing NFS and NIS)
- gated support: Interface Statements (TCP/IP Network Administration)
- graphing traffic: mrtg (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
- hardware, identifying installed: The device statement (TCP/IP Network Administration)
- inflow averages: Creating a threshold (Essential SNMP)
- initializing, ifconfig: Initializing an interface (Managing NFS and NIS)
- lights on: Link lights (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
- listing: Examining interfaces (Managing NFS and NIS)
- - Retrieving Multiple MIB Values (Essential SNMP)
- local network interface: Local network interface (Managing NFS and NIS)
- loopback: Frames and network interfaces (Managing NFS and NIS)
- measuring traffic on: Traffic Measurements with netstat (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
- MGEN settings: MGEN (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
- MRTG and: Using MRTG (Essential SNMP)
- - Pitfalls (Essential SNMP)
- mrtg configuration files: mrtg configuration file (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
- mrtg discovery: mrtg configuration file (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
- multihomed computers: Interactive mode (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
- multiple: Multiple interfaces (Managing NFS and NIS)
- network, bottlenecks: Problem areas (Managing NFS and NIS)
- - Problem areas (Managing NFS and NIS)
- ntop tool settings: Interactive mode (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
- - Web mode (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
- ping and: Using ping (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
- point-monitoring tools: What, When, and Where (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
- - Point-Monitoring Tools (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
- promiscuous mode and: Capturing Data (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
- - Controlling program behavior (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
  - Using ethereal (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
  - Protecting Yourself (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
  - arpwatch (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
  - ntop (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
- in routing tables: netstat (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
- saturation points: Using Input and Output Octets (Essential SNMP)
- sending traps with (Cisco): Advanced configuration (Essential SNMP)
- serial lines, overview: TCP/IP Over a Serial Line (TCP/IP Network Administration)
- shutting down: ifconfig (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
- snmpnetstat packet counts: snmpnetstat (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
- speed: Performance Measurements (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
- state change traps: Understanding Traps (Essential SNMP)
- statistics, MIB-II: The Structure of Management Information and MIBS (Essential SNMP)
- status changes: OpenView Graphing (Essential SNMP)
- switching in ntop: Web mode (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
- tables for managed objects: Defining OIDs (Essential SNMP)
- tkined retrieval results: Other commands (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
- trap information: SNMP Traps (Essential SNMP)
interfaces table: Using Input and Output Octets (Essential SNMP)
interior gateway protocols (see routing protocols)
interior nodes, CNAME records attached to: CNAMEs Attached to Interior Nodes (DNS and Bind)
interior routers: Interior Router (Building Internet Firewalls)
- Screened Subnet Architecture (Building Internet Firewalls)
- configuring: Interior router (Building Internet Firewalls)
- merging
- - with bastion host: It's Dangerous to Merge the Bastion Host and the Interior Router (Building Internet Firewalls)
  - with exterior routers: It's OK to Merge the Interior Router and the Exterior Router (Building Internet Firewalls)
- multiple: It's Dangerous to Use Multiple Interior Routers (Building Internet Firewalls)
interior routing protocols
- gated sample configuration: Interior gateway configurations (TCP/IP Network Administration)
- OSPF: Open Shortest Path First (TCP/IP Network Administration)
- overview: Interior Routing Protocols (TCP/IP Network Administration)
- RIP: Routing Information Protocol (TCP/IP Network Administration)
- routed command: Running RIP with routed (TCP/IP Network Administration)
intermediaries in Smurf attacks: Smurf Attacks (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
Intermediate System to Intermediate System (see IS-IS)
intermittent cabling problems: Cabling (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
intermittently blinking lights: Link lights (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
internal
- bastion hosts: Internal Bastion Hosts (Building Internet Firewalls)
- firewalls: Internal Firewalls (Building Internet Firewalls)
internal classes, sendmail: sendmail Classes (TCP/IP Network Administration)
internal polling: Polling and Thresholds (Essential SNMP)
- Internal Polling (Essential SNMP)
- agents and: Internal Polling (Essential SNMP)
- identifying instance numbers: RMON configuration (Essential SNMP)
- polling intervals: RMON configuration (Essential SNMP)
- problems with trend data: RMON configuration (Essential SNMP)
- program hooks and: Internal Polling (Essential SNMP)
- RMON: Remote Monitoring (RMON) (Essential SNMP)
internal roots: Internal Roots (DNS and Bind)
International Data Encryption Algorithm (IDEA): International Data Encryption Algorithm (IDEA) (SSH, The Secure Shell)
International Organization for Standardization (see ISO)
- Naming OIDs (Essential SNMP)
International Telegraph and Telephone Consultative Committee (CCITT): Naming OIDs (Essential SNMP)
internationalization: Top-Level Domains (DNS and Bind)
- geographic domain names
- - list of: Top-Level Domains (DNS and Bind)
- NFS version 4 and: NFS Version 4 (Managing NFS and NIS)
Internet
- architecture, routing: Internet Routing Architecture (TCP/IP Network Administration)
- conferencing services, real-time: Real-Time Conferencing Services (Building Internet Firewalls)
- connections to unbuilt bastion host: Building a Bastion Host (Building Internet Firewalls)
- Control Message Protocol (see ICMP)
- - ICMP (Building Internet Firewalls)
- defense in depth: Defense in Depth (Building Internet Firewalls)
- dialup connections for: Dialup Connections (DNS and Bind)
- DNS and: Must I Use DNS? (DNS and Bind)
- domain name space: The Internet Domain Name Space (DNS and Bind)
- domains versus NIS domains: Internet domains versus NIS domains (Managing NFS and NIS)
- email over (see email)
- growth of: TCP/IP and the Internet (TCP/IP Network Administration)
- - effect on addressing schemes: CIDR Blocks and Route Aggregation (TCP/IP Network Administration)
- history of: Brief History of the Internet (DNS and Bind) 1.1. A (Very)
- - TCP/IP and the Internet (TCP/IP Network Administration)
- vs. internets: On the Internet and internets (DNS and Bind)
- vs. intranets: On the Internet and internets (DNS and Bind)
- logging activity on (see logs)
- multiple connections to: It's OK to Use Multiple Exterior Routers (Building Internet Firewalls)
- NFS version 4 and: NFS Version 4 (Managing NFS and NIS)
- polling over: NMS Architectures (Essential SNMP)
- Protocol (see IP)
- Relay Chat (see IRC)
- rewalls (see rewalls)
- security issues and: NMS Architectures (Essential SNMP)
- - Security Concerns (Essential SNMP)
- security resource: CERT-Advisory (Building Internet Firewalls)
- server configuration: Internet and RPC server configuration (Managing NFS and NIS)
- services (see Internet services)
- tier-one providers: TCP/IP and the Internet (TCP/IP Network Administration)
- types of access to: Setting Up BIND (DNS and Bind)
Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (see IANA)
- Protocols, Ports, and Sockets (TCP/IP Network Administration)
Internet Cache Protocol (ICP): Internet Cache Protocol (ICP) (Building Internet Firewalls)
internet class: Resource Records (DNS and Bind)
Internet connections
- bottleneck bandwidth: Performance Measurements (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
- effects on traffic patterns: Web mode (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
- listing open files for: lsof (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
- ping results and: Interpreting results (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
- protocol tutorials and resources: Specific Protocols (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
- public time servers: NTP (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
- running traceroute over: Complications with traceroute (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
Internet Control Message Protocol (see ICMP)
- How ping Works (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP): Recommendations (DNS and Bind)
Internet Control Protocol (IPCP): The Serial Protocols (TCP/IP Network Administration)
Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (see ICANN)
Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN): Top-Level Domains (DNS and Bind)
Internet Domain Name service: Internet domains versus NIS domains (Managing NFS and NIS)
Internet end user (organizational type): Obtaining an official network address (TCP/IP Network Administration)
Internet Engineering Task Force (see IETF)
- CIDR Blocks and Route Aggregation (TCP/IP Network Administration)
Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF): History of SSH (SSH, The Secure Shell)
Internet Explorer: The World Wide Web (Building Internet Firewalls)
- security zones and: Internet Explorer and Security Zones (Building Internet Firewalls)
Internet games (see Quake computer games)
Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP): Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP) (Building Internet Firewalls)
Internet Header Length (IHL) field: The datagram (TCP/IP Network Administration)
Internet Inter-Orb Protocol (IIOP): and Internet Inter-Orb Protocol (IIOP) (Building Internet Firewalls) 14.5. Common Object Request Broker Architecture (CORBA)
Internet Layer: Internet Layer (TCP/IP Network Administration)
- ICMP: Internet Control Message Protocol (TCP/IP Network Administration)
- IP datagrams: Internet Protocol (TCP/IP Network Administration)
- - forwarding: Passing datagrams to the transport layer (TCP/IP Network Administration)
  - fragmenting: Fragmenting datagrams (TCP/IP Network Administration)
  - routing: Routing datagrams (TCP/IP Network Administration)
Internet Message Access Protocol (see IMAP)
- Internet Message Access Protocol (IMAP) (Building Internet Firewalls)
Internet Message Access Protocol (IMAP): Specific Protocols (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
Internet Printing Protocol (IPP): Other Printing Systems (Building Internet Firewalls)
Internet Protocol (see IP)
Internet Protocol devices (see IP devices)
Internet Relay Chat (see IRC)
Internet Routing Registry (see IRR)
Internet Service Providers (see ISPs)
Internet Service Providers, evaluating: Other related tools (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
Internet services: Internet Services (Building Internet Firewalls)
- Internet Services and Firewalls (Building Internet Firewalls)
- default deny stance: Default Deny Stance: That Which Is Not Expressly Permitted Is Prohibited (Building Internet Firewalls)
- default permit stance: Default Permit Stance: That Which Is Not Expressly Prohibited Is Permitted (Building Internet Firewalls)
- disabling: Disabling Nonrequired Services (Building Internet Firewalls)
- - on Unix: Disabling Services Under Unix (Building Internet Firewalls)
  - - Specific Unix Services to Disable (Building Internet Firewalls)
  - on Windows: How Are Services Managed Under Windows? (Building Internet Firewalls)
  - - Which Services Should You Leave Enabled? (Building Internet Firewalls)
- evaluating risks of: What Operations Does the Protocol Allow? (Building Internet Firewalls)
- filtering by: Filtering by Service (Building Internet Firewalls)
- installing and/or modifying
- - on Windows: Installing and Modifying Services (Building Internet Firewalls)
  - on Unix: Installing and Modifying Services (Building Internet Firewalls)
- installing/modifying: Installing and Modifying Services (Building Internet Firewalls)
Internet services, inetd super-daemon: Internet and RPC server configuration (Managing NFS and NIS)
Internet Software Consortium: The History of BIND (DNS and Bind)
Internet standards (RFCs): Protocol Standards (TCP/IP Network Administration)
internet subtree: Naming OIDs (Essential SNMP)
- Extensions to the SMI in Version 2 (Essential SNMP)
internets
- DNS and: Must I Use DNS? (DNS and Bind)
- vs. Internet: On the Internet and internets (DNS and Bind)
- vs. intranets: On the Internet and internets (DNS and Bind)
- - On the Internet and internets (DNS and Bind)
InterNIC: Checking That Your Network Is Registered (DNS and Bind)
Internic registration information: Mapping or Diagramming (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
interrupt settings: Testing Adapters (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
interrupts, utilities: CPU loading (Managing NFS and NIS)
intervals
- between packets: Options (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
- - hping (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
- calculating data-storage requirements: Hardware Considerations (Essential SNMP)
- discovery: The netmon Process (Essential SNMP)
- - Discovery and Filters (Essential SNMP)
- mrtg settings: mrtg (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
- - mrtg configuration file (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
- netmon settings: Microsoft Windows (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
- polling: Polling and Thresholds (Essential SNMP)
- - factors in: Polling and Thresholds (Essential SNMP)
  - Net-SNMP (snmpdelta): snmpdelta (Essential SNMP)
  - OpenView: Configuring Polling Intervals (Essential SNMP)
  - - OpenView Graphing (Essential SNMP)
    - OpenView Graphing (Essential SNMP)
    - OpenView Graphing (Essential SNMP)
  - RMON: RMON configuration (Essential SNMP)
  - SNMPc: Discovery and Filters (Essential SNMP)
  - - Castle Rock's SNMPc (Essential SNMP)
  - SystemEDGE: Advanced configuration (Essential SNMP)
- spray tool settings: spray (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
- TimeInterval convention: Extensions to the SMI in Version 2 (Essential SNMP)
- tkined poll settings: ICMP monitoring (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
intr option (vfstab file): The vfstab and fstab files (TCP/IP Network Administration)
intranets: On the Internet and internets (DNS and Bind)
- Connected and Non-Connected Networks (TCP/IP Network Administration)
- defined: TCP/IP and the Internet (TCP/IP Network Administration)
intruder detection: Looking for Trouble (TCP/IP Network Administration)
intruders
- preventing: SNMP Communities (Essential SNMP)
- pursuing and capturing: Pursuing and Capturing the Intruder (Building Internet Firewalls)
- recovering from: Restore and Recover (Building Internet Firewalls)
- revealing DNS information to: Revealing too much information to attackers (Building Internet Firewalls)
- reviewing response strategies: Periodic Review of Plans (Building Internet Firewalls)
- slower machines and: How Fast a Machine? (Building Internet Firewalls)
- types of: Types of Attackers (Building Internet Firewalls)
intrusion detection: Web mode (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
- hping (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
intrusions (see incidents)
inventories
- of equipment: Documentation (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
- of software: Documentation (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
inverse queries: Inverse Queries (DNS and Bind)
- Showing the Query and Response Messages (DNS and Bind)
- Query Refused (DNS and Bind)
inzider program: Analyzing Other Protocols (Building Internet Firewalls)
- inzider (Building Internet Firewalls)
I/O
- asynchronous threads, NFS performance: NFS protocol and implementation (Managing NFS and NIS)
- biod daemon, NFS: Setting up NFS (Managing NFS and NIS)
- client side: Client I/O system (Managing NFS and NIS)
- nfsd threads, CPU loading and: CPU loading (Managing NFS and NIS)
- performance: Microsoft Windows (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
- statistics: I/O statistics (Managing NFS and NIS)
IOS operating system
- Cisco devices and: Cisco Devices (Essential SNMP)
- RMON events and: RMON configuration (Essential SNMP)
iostat utility: I/O statistics (Managing NFS and NIS)
- interrupts: CPU loading (Managing NFS and NIS)
IP addresses: Mapping Addresses to Names (DNS and Bind)
- IP host addresses (Managing NFS and NIS)
- IP host addresses (Managing NFS and NIS)
- in access lists: Advanced configuration (Essential SNMP)
- address resolution problems: arp (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
- AdminSuite: Setting up a diskless client (Managing NFS and NIS)
- ARP tables: arp (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
- - arp (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
  - IP Address Management (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
- arping tool and: arping (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
- arpwatch tool and: arpwatch (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
- assigning
- - contiguous blocks of: CIDR Blocks and Route Aggregation (TCP/IP Network Administration)
  - ifconfig command: The ifconfig Command (TCP/IP Network Administration)
  - - Assigning an Address (TCP/IP Network Administration)
- bit masks: The Natural Mask (TCP/IP Network Administration)
- broadcast: The IP Address (TCP/IP Network Administration)
- - assigning: Setting the Broadcast Address (TCP/IP Network Administration)
- CIDR: CIDR Blocks and Route Aggregation (TCP/IP Network Administration)
- classes: IPv4 address classes (Managing NFS and NIS)
- - Subnetwork masks (Managing NFS and NIS)
  - The Natural Mask (TCP/IP Network Administration)
  - tcpdpriv (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
- classless: Classless IP addressing (Managing NFS and NIS)
- configuring properties in NNM: Configuring Polling Intervals (Essential SNMP)
- connected machines: IP host addresses (Managing NFS and NIS)
- data collection: Designing collections (Essential SNMP)
- data delivery: Addressing, Routing, and Multiplexing (TCP/IP Network Administration)
- datagrams: The IP Address (TCP/IP Network Administration)
- default masks, identifying: The Natural Mask (TCP/IP Network Administration)
- disaster preventive measures and: Recommendations (DNS and Bind)
- displaying for connections: netstat (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
- DNS outages and: Sending Traps (Essential SNMP)
- dotted decimal notation: The IP Address (TCP/IP Network Administration)
- duplicated addresses: arp (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
- - Complications with traceroute (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
  - IP Address Management (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
- dynamic allocation: IP Address Management (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
- expected utilization rate: Obtaining an official network address (TCP/IP Network Administration)
- filtering: Filters (Essential SNMP)
- - Address filtering. (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
  - Compound filters. (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
- frequent changes in: arpwatch (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
- getif and: SNMP Tools (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
- headers: ttcp (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
- hostnames: Names and Addresses (TCP/IP Network Administration)
- - locating with dig: dig: An Alternative to nslookup (TCP/IP Network Administration)
- hostnames and: Parameter Settings (Essential SNMP)
- hostnames, resolving, DNS and: Fully qualified and unqualified hostnames (Managing NFS and NIS)
- identifying: arping (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
- in packet filtering rules: Always Use IP Addresses, Never Hostnames (Building Internet Firewalls)
- in-use addresses: nmap (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
- in interface configurations: netstat (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
- - ifconfig (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
- interpreting: The Natural Mask (TCP/IP Network Administration)
- IP networks and: Checking That Your Network Is Registered (DNS and Bind)
- IPv6: IPv6 (TCP/IP Network Administration)
- loopback interface, network numbers: IPv4 address classes (Managing NFS and NIS)
- loopback, localhost: The Host Table (TCP/IP Network Administration)
- MAC addresses and: IP host addresses (Managing NFS and NIS)
- management of: IP Address Management (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
- mapping: arp (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
- - arp (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
- multicast: The IP Address (TCP/IP Network Administration)
- nameserver directive and: The nameserver Directive (DNS and Bind)
- natural mask: The Natural Mask (TCP/IP Network Administration)
- nemesis and: nemesis (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
- network address translation: Embedded IP addresses are a problem for network address translation (Building Internet Firewalls)
- network growth, effect on addressing schemes: CIDR Blocks and Route Aggregation (TCP/IP Network Administration)
- nslookup and: Using nslookup (TCP/IP Network Administration)
- ntop and: Interactive mode (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
- - Web mode (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
- obtaining: Address Structure (TCP/IP Network Administration)
- - Obtaining an IP Address (TCP/IP Network Administration)
- official, assessing need for: Obtaining an official network address (TCP/IP Network Administration)
- packet sniffer detection: Protecting Yourself (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
- physical network segments: Virtual interfaces (Managing NFS and NIS)
- ping and: Using ping (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
- pppd command and: The PPP Daemon (TCP/IP Network Administration)
- ranges of: Mapping or Diagramming (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
- RARP and: Reverse ARP requests (Managing NFS and NIS)
- registries, obtaining addresses from: Obtaining an official network address (TCP/IP Network Administration)
- resolution: Address Resolution (TCP/IP Network Administration)
- retrieving with Net-SNMP (snmpstatus): snmpstatus (Essential SNMP)
- reverse domains: Obtaining an IN-ADDR.ARPA domain (TCP/IP Network Administration)
- reverse name lookup: Path Discovery with traceroute (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
- RMON data: RMON (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
- routers: Routers and their routing tables (Managing NFS and NIS)
- routing tables, reducing size of: CIDR Blocks and Route Aggregation (TCP/IP Network Administration)
- scanning (see IP scanning)
- scrambling: tcpdpriv (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
- searching for: Finding IP Addresses (DNS and Bind)
- for seed devices: Discovery and Filters (Essential SNMP)
- in seed files: The netmon Process (Essential SNMP)
- sending traps to: Sending Traps (Essential SNMP)
- - Sending Traps with OpenView (Essential SNMP)
- share command and: The share command (TCP/IP Network Administration)
- shortage of: IPv6 (TCP/IP Network Administration)
- SMI issues: Defining OIDs (Essential SNMP)
- for SNMP agents: snmpstatus (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
- spoofing: Security Concerns (Essential SNMP)
- spoofing, IPsec and: NFS and IPSec (Managing NFS and NIS)
- static addresses: IP Address Management (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
- structure: Address Structure (TCP/IP Network Administration)
- subnet masks
- - assigning: Assigning a Subnet Mask (TCP/IP Network Administration)
  - creating: Subnets (TCP/IP Network Administration)
  - RFCs: Subnets (TCP/IP Network Administration)
- subnets: Subnets (TCP/IP Network Administration)
- tcpdump tool and: Controlling how information is displayed (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
- testing: IP Address Management (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
- traceroute and: Complications with traceroute (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
- translation
- - forward-mapping zone files: The Forward-Mapping Zone File (TCP/IP Network Administration)
  - overview: Obtaining an IP Address (TCP/IP Network Administration)
  - reverse zone files: The Reverse Zone File (TCP/IP Network Administration)
  - troubleshooting: Troubleshooting with the arp Command (TCP/IP Network Administration)
- troubleshooting name services: nslookup and dig (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
- unicast: The IP Address (TCP/IP Network Administration)
- uniqueness of: Obtaining an IP Address (TCP/IP Network Administration)
- UPSs: APC Symetra (Essential SNMP)
IP datagram header: Appendix g.1. IP Datagram Header (TCP/IP Network Administration)
IP devices
- agents: Managers and Agents (Essential SNMP)
- managing with SNMP: What Is SNMP? (Essential SNMP)
- - Network Management and Monitoring (Essential SNMP)
IP filters: SNMP Communities (Essential SNMP)
IP forwarding, disabling: Turning Off Routing (Building Internet Firewalls)
IP forwarding parameter: Kernel (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
IP (Internet Protocol): IP (Building Internet Firewalls)
- Network layer (Managing NFS and NIS)
- Network layer (Managing NFS and NIS)
- datagrams: Datagrams and packets (Managing NFS and NIS)
- - The datagram (TCP/IP Network Administration)
- forwarding datagrams: Passing datagrams to the transport layer (TCP/IP Network Administration)
- fragmentation: IP Fragmentation (Building Internet Firewalls)
- fragmenting datagrams: Fragmenting datagrams (TCP/IP Network Administration)
- multicasting: Multicast and the Multicast Backbone (MBONE) (Building Internet Firewalls)
- nested over IP: IP over IP and GRE (Building Internet Firewalls)
- overview: Internet Protocol (TCP/IP Network Administration)
- packet layer: IP layer (Building Internet Firewalls)
- packet routes to (see traceroute program)
- packet routing: IP Packet Routing (Managing NFS and NIS)
- RFC 791: Names and Addresses (TCP/IP Network Administration)
- routing datagrams: Routing datagrams (TCP/IP Network Administration)
- source route option: IP Options (Building Internet Firewalls)
- status and control messages: ICMP (Building Internet Firewalls)
- Version 6 (IPv6): IP Version 6 (Building Internet Firewalls)
- versions: Internet Layer (TCP/IP Network Administration)
IP layer tools: MAC and IP layer tools (Managing NFS and NIS)
- ifconfig: ifconfig: interface configuration (Managing NFS and NIS)
ip module, ip_forwarding variable: Using Dynamically Loadable Modules (TCP/IP Network Administration)
IP networks
- checking registration of: Checking That Your Network Is Registered (DNS and Bind)
- IP addresses and: Checking That Your Network Is Registered (DNS and Bind)
IP scanning: IP Address Management (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
- getif tool: SNMP Tools (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
- Microsoft Windows tools: Microsoft Windows (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
- nmap tool: nmap (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
IP security protocol (IPsec): IPsec (Building Internet Firewalls)
IP source route option: IP Options (Building Internet Firewalls)
IP spoofing: IP Spoofing (Building Internet Firewalls)
- Name Service and IP Spoofing (SSH, The Secure Shell)
IP to MAC address mapping: IP to MAC address mappings (Managing NFS and NIS)
IP Version 4 addresses: The ABCs of IPv6 Addressing (DNS and Bind)
IPADDR (Linux configuration value): Assigning an Address (TCP/IP Network Administration)
ip6.arpa name servers: DNAME records and reverse mapping (DNS and Bind)
ipchains filtering system: Linux ipchains and Masquerading (Building Internet Firewalls)
- masquerading and: Using ipchains (including masquerading) (Building Internet Firewalls)
- compared to ipfilter: Comparing ipfilter and ipchains (Building Internet Firewalls)
ipchains log tool: Host-Monitoring Tools (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
ipconfig configuration tool: Microsoft Windows (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
ipcp-accept-local option (pppd): The PPP Daemon (TCP/IP Network Administration)
ipcp-accept-remote option (pppd): The PPP Daemon (TCP/IP Network Administration)
IPCP (Internet Control Protocol): The Serial Protocols (TCP/IP Network Administration)
ipcp-max-configure option (pppd): The PPP Daemon (TCP/IP Network Administration)
ipcp-max-failure option (pppd): The PPP Daemon (TCP/IP Network Administration)
ipcp-max-terminate option (pppd): The PPP Daemon (TCP/IP Network Administration)
ipcp-restart option (pppd): The PPP Daemon (TCP/IP Network Administration)
iperf bandwidth tool: iperf (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
- Microsoft Windows (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
- Sources for Tools (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
ipfilter filtering system: ipfilter (Building Internet Firewalls)
- compared to ipchains: Comparing ipfilter and ipchains (Building Internet Firewalls)
ipfilter TCP tools: Other tools (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
- Sources for Tools (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
ip_forwarding variable (ip module), configuring: Using Dynamically Loadable Modules (TCP/IP Network Administration)
ipfw log tool: Host-Monitoring Tools (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
ip6.int namespace: AAAA and ip6.int (DNS and Bind)
Ipkts field (netstat command): The Interface Name (TCP/IP Network Administration)
ipload load generator tool: Microsoft Windows (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
- Sources for Tools (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
IPng (IP Next Generation): IP Version 6 (Managing NFS and NIS)
ipnodes database: Network Diagnostic and Administrative Tools (Managing NFS and NIS)
IPP (Internet Printing Protocol): Other Printing Systems (Building Internet Firewalls)
ipparam option (pppd): The PPP Daemon (TCP/IP Network Administration)
IPsec: NFS and IPSec (Managing NFS and NIS)
- krb5 and: IPSec versus krb5i and krb5p (Managing NFS and NIS)
IPSEC (Internet Protocol Security): IPSEC (SSH, The Secure Shell)
IPsec (IP security protocol): IPsec (Building Internet Firewalls)
IPsec Policy Agent: Which Services Should You Leave Enabled? (Building Internet Firewalls)
ipsend filtering tool: Other tools (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
- Sources for Tools (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
iptables command
- filtering routers: Defining iptables filter rules (TCP/IP Network Administration)
- samples: Sample iptables commands (TCP/IP Network Administration)
iptrace capture tool: Other Packet Capture Programs (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
IPv6: CIDR Blocks and Route Aggregation (TCP/IP Network Administration)
- IPv6 (TCP/IP Network Administration)
- addresses: IP Version 6 (Managing NFS and NIS)
- demand for: IPv6 (TCP/IP Network Administration)
- diagnostic tools: Network Diagnostic and Administrative Tools (Managing NFS and NIS)
- efficiency of: IPv6 (TCP/IP Network Administration)
IPv6 addresses: The ABCs of IPv6 Addressing (DNS and Bind)
- vs. IP Version 4 addresses: The ABCs of IPv6 Addressing (DNS and Bind)
- mapping for: IPv6 Forward and Reverse Mapping (DNS and Bind)
IPv4 flag (ifconfig command): Checking the Interface with ifconfig (TCP/IP Network Administration)
ipv6 option (pppd): The PPP Daemon (TCP/IP Network Administration)
IPv4 transport
- configuring: Configuring the IPv4 Transport (DNS and Bind)
ipv6cp-max-configure option (pppd): The PPP Daemon (TCP/IP Network Administration)
ipv6cp-max-failure option (pppd): The PPP Daemon (TCP/IP Network Administration)
ipv6cp-max-terminate option (pppd): The PPP Daemon (TCP/IP Network Administration)
ipv6cp-restart option (pppd): The PPP Daemon (TCP/IP Network Administration)
ipv6cp-use-ipaddr option (pppd): The PPP Daemon (TCP/IP Network Administration)
ipv6cp-use-persistent option (pppd): The PPP Daemon (TCP/IP Network Administration)
IPV4/IPV6 flag, ifconfig: Examining interfaces (Managing NFS and NIS)
IRC (Internet Relay Chat): Real-Time Conferencing Services (Building Internet Firewalls)
- Internet Relay Chat (IRC) (Building Internet Firewalls)
IRDP (ICMP Router Discovery Protocol): Router Discovery/ICMP Router Discovery Protocol (IRDP) (Building Internet Firewalls)
IRIX, configuring resolvers for: Silicon Graphics' IRIX (DNS and Bind)
IRIX systems: Kernel (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
- Packet pair software (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
IRR (Internet Routing Registry): Internet Routing Architecture (TCP/IP Network Administration)
- Registering in a Routing Database (TCP/IP Network Administration)
IRs (Internet Registries), address requests: Obtaining an official network address (TCP/IP Network Administration)
irs.conf file: AIX 4.3 (DNS and Bind)
IS-IS (Intermediate System to Intermediate System), overview: Interior Routing Protocols (TCP/IP Network Administration)
ISDN records: , ISDN, and RT (DNS and Bind)
- New Types from RFC 1183 (DNS and Bind)
isis statement (gated): The isis Statement (TCP/IP Network Administration)
ISN (Initial Sequence Number): Transmission Control Protocol (TCP/IP Network Administration)
ISO 3166: Top-Level Domains (DNS and Bind)
ISO (International Organization for Standardization)
- layers in sysServices: Windows 4.0 and Windows Agent (Essential SNMP)
- subtree administration: Naming OIDs (Essential SNMP)
ISO (International Organization for Standardization) 7-layer model: Networking overview (Managing NFS and NIS)
- data link layer: Physical and data link layers (Managing NFS and NIS)
- network layer: Network layer (Managing NFS and NIS)
- physical link layer: Physical and data link layers (Managing NFS and NIS)
- presentation layer: The session and presentation layers (Managing NFS and NIS)
- session layer: The session and presentation layers (Managing NFS and NIS)
- TCP/IP and: Networking overview (Managing NFS and NIS)
- transport layer: Transport layer (Managing NFS and NIS)
isolation, testing devices in: Firewall testing (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
ISPs (Internet Service Providers): TCP/IP and the Internet (TCP/IP Network Administration)
- addresses, assigning: Address Structure (TCP/IP Network Administration)
- as organizational type: Obtaining an official network address (TCP/IP Network Administration)
- evaluating: Other related tools (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
- IP network numbers and: Classless IP addressing (Managing NFS and NIS)
ISS (automated system monitoring): Automated Monitoring (TCP/IP Network Administration)
iss security tool: Security Tools (Network Troubleshooting Tools)
iteration: Recursion (DNS and Bind)
- Iteration (DNS and Bind)
iterative (nonrecursive) queries: Recursion (DNS and Bind)
- SOA records and: Typical Problem (DNS and Bind)
iterative resolution: Recursion (DNS and Bind)
- Iteration (DNS and Bind)
IXFR (see incremental zone transfers)
ixfr-base substatement: BIND 8 IXFR Configuration (DNS and Bind)

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