Plethora of pTk Potpourri

Contents:

pTk Special Variables and Exporter Symbols
Manipulating the Cursor
Dialog Boxes
The Adjuster Widget
The Balloon Widget
The BrowseEntry Widget
The LabFrame Widget
The NoteTutorial Widget
The Pane Widget
The ProgressBar Widget
Widgets Not in the Perl/Tk Distribution

Now, we present a blast of miscellaneous widgets, methods, options, and tutorial ideas. There isn't a lot of depth in this chapter, just a jumble of material that didn't fit in the rest of the tutorial, but that we know you'll need some day.

This chapter covers:

  • Perl/Tk special variables and exporter symbols
  • Cursor manipulation and customization
  • Using dialogs for messages, errors, selecting colors, or opening and saving files
  • The Adjuster widget, which allows users to resize frames in an application
  • Calling up "help" windows via the Balloon widget
  • The BrowseEntry widget, which is a composite of the Entry widget and a Listbox
  • The LabFrame widget, which is a Frame with a label attached
  • The NoteTutorial widget, which is a simple way to create multiple pages with tabs
  • The Pane widget, essentially a scrollable Frame
  • The ProgressBar widget, which can be used to display progress to a user during a time-consuming operation

pTk Special Variables and Exporter Symbols

Before we get to the interesting stuff, we need to list the special variables and symbols unique to Perl/Tk.

Global Variables

These global variables are available for your use:

  • $Tk::VERSION
  • The Perl/Tk version, which incorporates the Tcl/Tk version it's based upon, plus the Perl/Tk subrelease number. '800.023' is the 23rd Perl/Tk release based on Tcl/Tk 8.0. '803.xxx' will be based on Tcl/Tk 8.3.
  • $Tk::library
  • The pathname where the Tk modules are installed; for example: /usr/local/lib/perl5/site_perl/5.6.0/i686-linux/Tk.
  • $Tk::platform
  • The platform, which is 'MSWin32' for Win32 machines, otherwise 'unix'.
  • $Tk::version
  • The base Tcl/Tk version, for example '8.0'.
  • $Tk::patchLevel
  • The Tcl/Tk patch level, for example '8.0'.
  • $Tk::strictMotif
  • A flag to force Tk to use pure Motif style windows.

Symbols Exported by Default

The use Tk statement exports these subroutines by default:

  • DoOneEvent
  • Handles Tk events. See "Anatomy of the MainLoop".
  • Ev
  • Used in callback definitions to delay argument evaluation. See "Anatomy of the MainLoop".
  • exit
  • Overrides Perl's CORE::exit to clean up Tk data structures.
  • Exists($widget)
  • Ensures that $widget is a valid Perl/Tk widget reference.
  • MainLoop
  • Starts the Tk event loop.
  • tkinit(@args)
  • Shorthand for MainWindow->new(@args).

Optionally Exported Symbols

You can import these symbols if desired:

  • catch
  • Executes a block of code, trapping and ignoring any errors. The code should be enclosed in a Perl block: catch {$widget->cget(-state)}.
  • *event
  • A localized version of a callback's event structure. See "Anatomy of the MainLoop".
  • lsearch
  • Searches a list for an exact string match. It returns the ordinal of the match, or -1 if no match. For example: my $ord = lsearch(\@Selection,$i). The first argument is an array reference and the second the match string.
  • NoOp
  • A No Operation subroutine, commonly used to disable a callback.
  • $XS_VERSION
  • The XS version.
  • *widget
  • A localized version of the widget that owns the callback. See "Anatomy of the MainLoop".
  • DONT_WAIT, WINDOW_EVENTS, FILE_EVENTS, TIMER_EVENTS, IDLE_EVENTS, ALL_EVENTS
  • DoOneEvent bit patterns. See "Anatomy of the MainLoop".
  • NORMAL_BG, ACTIVE_BG, SELECT_BG, SELECT_FG, TROUGH, INDICATOR, DISABLED, BLACK, WHITE
  • Common colors.

Exporter Tags

You can import several symbols at once using an Exporter tag (for example, to get all the DoOneEvent bit patterns, do use Tk ':eventtypes'):

  • :eventtypes => qw/DONT_WAIT WINDOW_EVENTS FILE_EVENTS TIMER_EVENTS IDLE_EVENTS ALL_EVENTS/
  • :variables => qw/*widget *event/
  • :colors => qw/NORMAL_BG ACTIVE_BG SELECT_BG SELECT_FG TROUGH INDICATOR DISABLED BLACK WHITE/