POSIX

Provides access to standard POSIX 1003.1 identifiers: functions, classes, and constants. Can be use d to import one or multiple symbols:

use POSIX; # Import all symbols use POSIX qw(setsid); # Import one symbol use POSIX qw(:errno_h :fcntl_h); # Import sets of symbols

Functions listed as C-specific are not implemented.

Function	Description
`_exit`	Identical to C function `_exit(2)`
`abort`	Identical to C function `abort(3)`
`abs`	Identical to Perl's `abs` function
`access`	Determines accessibility of a file; returns `undef` on failure
`acos`	Identical to C function `acos(3)`
`alarm`	Identical to Perl's `alarm` function
`asctime`	Identical to C function `asctime(3)`
`asin`	Identical to C function `asin(3)`
`assert`	Similar to C macro `assert(3)`
`atan`	Identical to C function `atan(3)`
`atan2`	Identical to Perl's `atan2` function
`atexit`	C-specific; use `END {}`
`atof`	C-specific
`atoi`	C-specific
`atol`	C-specific
`bsearch`	Not supplied
`calloc`	C-specific
`ceil`	Identical to C function `ceil(3)`
`chdir`	Identical to Perl's `chdir` function
`chmod`	Identical to Perl's `chmod` function
`chown`	Identical to Perl's `chown` function
`clearerr`	Uses method `FileHandle::clearerr`
`clock`	Identical to C function `clock(3)`
`close`	Closes a file; returns `undef` on failure
`closedir`	Identical to Perl's `closedir` function
`cos`	Identical to Perl's `cos` function
`cosh`	Identical to C function `cosh(3)`
`creat`	Creates a new file
`ctermid`	Generates pathname for the controlling terminal
`ctime`	Identical to C function `ctime(3)`
`cuserid`	Gets user's login name
`difftime`	Identical to C function `difftime(3)`
`div`	C-specific
`dup`	Similar to C function `dup(2)`; returns `undef` on failure
`dup2`	Similar to C function `dup2(2)`; returns `undef` on failure
`errno`	Returns the value of `errno`
`execl`	C-specific; use Perl's `exec`
`execle`	C-specific; use Perl's `exec`
`execlp`	C-specific; use Perl's `exec`
`execv`	C-specific; use Perl's `exec`
`execve`	C-specific; use Perl's `exec`
`execvp`	C-specific; use Perl's `exec`
`exit`	Identical to Perl's `exit` function
`exp`	Identical to Perl's `exp` function
`fabs`	Identical to Perl's `abs` function
`fclose`	Uses method `FileHandle::close`
`fcntl`	Identical to Perl's `fcntl` function
`fdopen`	Uses method `FileHandle::new_from_fd`
`feof`	Uses method `FileHandle::eof`
`ferror`	Uses method `FileHandle::error`
`fflush`	Uses method `FileHandle::flush`
`fgetc`	Uses method `FileHandle::getc`
`fgetpos`	Uses method `FileHandle::getpos`
`fgets`	Uses method `FileHandle::gets`
`fileno`	Uses method `FileHandle::fileno`
`floor`	Identical to C function `floor(3)`
`fmod`	Identical to C function `fmod(3)`
`fopen`	Uses method `FileHandle::open`
`fork`	Identical to Perl's `fork` function
`fpathconf`	Returns value of a configurable limit on a file or directory, or `undef` on failure
`fprintf`	C-specific; use Perl's `printf` function
`fputc`	C-specific; use Perl's `print` function
`fputs`	C-specific; use Perl's `print` function
`fread`	C-specific; use Perl's `read` function
`free`	C-specific
`freopen`	C-specific; use Perl's `open` function
`frexp`	Returns mantissa and exponent of a floating-point number
`fscanf`	C-specific; use `<>` and regular expressions
`fseek`	Uses method `FileHandle::seek`
`fsetpos`	Uses method `FileHandle::setpos`
`fstat`	Gets file status
`ftell`	Uses method `FileHandle::tell`
`fwrite`	C-specific; use Perl's `print` function
`getc`	Identical to Perl's `etc` function
`getchar`	Returns one character from STDIN
`getcwd`	Returns name of current working directory
`getegid`	Returns effective group ID (gid)
`getenv`	Returns value of the specified environment variable
`geteuid`	Returns the effective user ID (uid)
`getgid`	Returns the user's real group ID (gid)
`getgrgid`	Identical to Perl's `getgrgid` function
`getgrnam`	Identical to Perl's `getgrnam` function
`getgroups`	Returns IDs of the user's supplementary groups
`getlogin`	Identical to Perl's `getlogin` function
`getpgrp`	Identical to Perl's `getpgrp` function
`getpid`	Returns ID of the process (pid)
`getppid`	Identical to Perl's `getppid` function
`getpwnam`	Identical to Perl's `getpwnam` function
`getpwuid`	Identical to Perl's `getpwuid` function
`gets`	Returns one line from STDIN
`getuid`	Returns user's ID (uid)
`gmtime`	Identical to Perl's `gmtime` function
`isalnum`	Identical to C function, but can apply to one character or a whole string
`isalpha`	Identical to C function, but can apply to one character or a whole string
`isatty`	Returns Boolean indicating whether the specified filehandle is connected to a TTY
`iscntrl`	Identical to C function, but can apply to one character or a whole string
`isdigit`	Identical to C function, but can apply to one character or a whole string
`isgraph`	Identical to C function, but can apply to one character or a whole string
`islower`	Identical to C function, but can apply to one character or a whole string
`isprint`	Identical to C function, but can apply to one character or a whole string
`ispunct`	Identical to C function, but can apply to one character or a whole string
`isspace`	Identical to C function, but can apply to one character or a whole string
`isupper`	Identical to C function, but can apply to one character or a whole string
`isxdigit`	Identical to C function, but can apply to one character or a whole string
`kill`	Identical to Perl's `kill` function
`labs`	C-specific; use Perl's `abs` function
`ldexp`	Identical to C function `ldexp(3)`
`ldiv`	C-specific; use division operator (`/`) and Perl's `int` function
`link`	Identical to Perl's `link` function
`localeconv`	Gets numeric formatting information; returns reference to a hash containing the current locale formatting values
`localtime`	Identical to Perl's `localtime` function
`log`	Identical to Perl's `log` function
`log10`	Identical to C function `log10(3)`
`longjmp`	C-specific; use Perl's `die` function
`lseek`	Moves the read/write file pointer; returns `undef` on failure
`malloc`	C-specific
`mblen`	Identical to C function `mblen(3)`
`mbstowcs`	Identical to C function `mbstowcs(3)`
`mbtowc`	Identical to C function `mbtowc(3)`
`memchr`	C-specific; use Perl's `index`
`memcmp`	C-specific; use `eq`
`memcpy`	C-specific; use `=`
`memmove`	C-specific; use `=`
`memset`	C-specific; use `x`
`mkdir`	Identical to Perl's `mkdir` function
`mkfifo`	Similar to C function `mkfifo(2)`; returns `undef` on failure
`mktime`	Converts date/time information to a calendar time; returns `undef` on failure
`modf`	Returns integral and fractional parts of a floating-point number
`nice`	Similar to C function `nice(3)`; returns `undef` on failure
`offsetof`	C-specific
`open`	Opens file for reading or writing; returns `undef` on failure
`opendir`	Opens directory for reading; returns `undef` on failure
`pathconf`	Retrieves value of a configurable limit on a file or directory; returns `undef` on failure
`pause`	Similar to C function `pause(3)`; returns `undef` on failure
`perror`	Identical to C function `perror(3)`
`pipe`	Creates an interprocess channel
`pow`	Computes `$x` raised to the power `$exponent`
`printf`	Prints specified arguments to STDOUT
`putc`	C-specific; use Perl's `print` function
`putchar`	C-specific; use Perl's `print` function
`puts`	C-specific; use Perl's `print` function
`qsort`	C-specific; use Perl's `sort` function
`raise`	Sends specified signal to current process
`rand`	Nonportable; use Perl's `rand` function
`read`	Reads from a file; returns `undef` on failure
`readdir`	Identical to Perl's `readdir` function
`realloc`	C-specific
`remove`	Identical to Perl's `unlink` function
`rename`	Identical to Perl's `rename` function
`rewind`	Seeks to beginning of file
`rewinddir`	Identical to Perl's `rewinddir` function
`rmdir`	Identical to Perl's `rmdir` function
`scanf`	C-specific; use `<>` and regular expressions
`setgid`	Sets real group ID for this process
`setjmp`	C-specific; use `eval {}`
`setlocale`	Modifies and queries program's locale
`setpgid`	Similar to C function `setpgid(2)`; returns `undef` on failure
`setsid`	Identical to C function `setsid(8)`
`setuid`	Sets real user ID for this process
`sigaction`	Detailed signal management; returns `undef` on failure
`siglongjmp`	C-specific; use Perl's `die` function
`sigpending`	Examines blocked, pending signals; returns `undef` on failure
`sigprocmask`	Changes and/or examines this process's signal mask; returns `undef` on failure
`sigsetjmp`	C-specific; use `eval {}`
`sigsuspend`	Installs signal mask and suspends process until signal arrives; returns `undef` on failure
`sin`	Identical to Perl's `sin` function
`sinh`	Identical to C function `sinh(3)`
`sleep`	Identical to Perl's `sleep` function
`sprintf`	Identical to Perl's `sprintf` function
`sqrt`	Identical to Perl's `sqrt` function
`srand`	Identical to Perl's `srand` function
`sscanf`	C-specific; use regular expressions
`stat`	Identical to Perl's `stat` function
`strcat`	C-specific; use `=`
`strchr`	C-specific; use `index`
`strcmp`	C-specific; use `eq`
`strcoll`	Identical to C function `strcoll(3)`
`strcpy`	C-specific; use `=`
`strcspn`	C-specific; use regular expressions
`strerror`	Returns error string for the specified `errno`
`strftime`	Converts date and time to string and returns the string
`strlen`	C-specific; use `length`
`strncat`	C-specific; use `=` and/or `substr`
`strncmp`	C-specific; use `eq` and/or `substr`
`strncpy`	C-specific; use `=` and/or `substr`
`stroul`	C-specific
`strpbrk`	C-specific
`strrchr`	C-specific; use `rindex` and/or `substr`
`strspn`	C-specific
`strstr`	Identical to Perl's `index` function
`strtod`	C-specific
`strtok`	C-specific
`strtol`	C-specific
`strtoul`	C-specific
`strxfrm`	String transformation; returns the transformed string
`sysconf`	Retrieves values of system configurable variables; returns `undef` on failure
`system`	Identical to Perl's `system` function
`tan`	Identical to C function `tan(3)`
`tanh`	Identical to C function `tanh(3)`
`tcdrain`	Similar to C function `tcdrain(3)`; returns `undef` on failure
`tcflow`	Similar to C function `tcflow(3)`; returns `undef` on failure
`tcflush`	Similar to C function `tcflush(3)`; returns `undef` on failure
`tcgetpgrp`	Identical to C function `tcgetpgrp(3)`
`tcsendbreak`	Similar to C function `tcsendbreak(3)`; returns `undef` on failure
`tcsetpgrp`	Similar to C function `tcsetpgrp(3)`; returns `undef` on failure
`time`	Identical to Perl's `time` function
`times`	Returns, in clock ticks, elapsed realtime since a point in the past, user and system times for this process, and user and system times for child processes
`tmpfile`	Uses method `FileHandle::new_tmpfile`
`tmpnam`	Returns a name for a temporary file
`tolower`	Identical to Perl's `lc` function
`toupper`	Identical to Perl's `uc` function
`ttyname`	Identical to C function `ttyname(3)`
`tzname`	Retrieves time conversion information from the `tzname` variable
`tzset`	Identical to C function `tzset(3)`
`umask`	Identical to Perl's `umask` function
`uname`	Gets name of current operating system
`ungetc`	Uses method `FileHandle::ungetc`
`unlink`	Identical to Perl's `unlink` function
`utime`	Identical to Perl's `utime` function
`vfprintf`	C-specific
`vprintf`	C-specific
`vsprintf`	C-specific
`wait`	Identical to Perl's `wait` function
`waitpid`	Waits for child process to change state; identical to Perl's `waitpid` function
`wcstombs`	Identical to C function `wcstombs(3)`
`wctomb`	Identical to C function `wctomb(3)`
`write`	Writes to file; returns `undef` on failure

The following sections show the classes that are defined and their methods.

POSIX::SigAction

new

$sigaction = POSIX::SigAction->new(sigsub, sigset, flags)

Constructor. Creates a new POSIX::SigAction object. Takes the following arguments:

sigsub
The fully qualified name of a signal-handler subroutine
sigset
A POSIX::SigSet object
flags
The sa_flags

POSIX::SigSet

new

$sigset = POSIX::SigSet->new[( )]

Constructor. Creates new SigSet object. Optional arguments are used to initialize the set.

addset

$sigset->addset(sig)

Adds signal sig to SigSet object; returns undef on failure.

delset

$sigset->delset(sig)

Removes signal sig from SigSet object; returns undef on failure.

emptyset

$sigset->emptyset( )

Initializes SigSet object to empty; returns undef on failure.

fillset

$sigset->fillset( )

Initializes SigSet object to include all signals; returns undef on failure.

ismember

$sigset->ismember(sig)

Tests SigSet object for a specific signal sig.

POSIX::Termios

new

$termios = POSIX::Termios->new

Constructor. Creates new Termios object.

getattr

$termios->getattr([fd])

Gets terminal control attributes for a given fd (default is for STDIN); returns undef on failure.

getcc

$c_cc[ind] = $termios->getcc(ind)

Retrieves value from the c_cc field of a Termios object. Takes index ind since @c_cc is an array.

getcflag

$c_cflag = $termios->getcflag

Retrieves c_cflag field of a Termios object.

getiflag

$c_iflag = $termios->getiflag

Retrieves c_iflag field of a Termios object.

getispeed

$ispeed = $termios->getispeed

Retrieves input baud rate.

getlflag

getlflag $c_lflag = $termios->getlflag

Retrieves c_lflag field of a Termios object.

getoflag

$c_oflag = $termios->getoflag

Retrieves c_oflag field of a Termios object.

getospeed

$ospeed = $termios->getospeed

Retrieves output baud rate.

setattr

$termios->setattr(fd, option)

Sets terminal control attributes for a given fd; returns undef on failure. option tells when to set the attributes and is one of TCSADRAIN, TCSAFLUSH, or TCSANOW.

setcc

$termios->setcc(ind, value)

Sets value in the c_cc field, indexed by ind, of a Termios object.

setcflag

$termios->setcflag(flag)

Sets flag in the c_cflag field of a Termios object.

setiflag

$termios->setiflag(flag)

Sets flag in the c_iflag field of a Termios object.

setispeed

$termios->setispeed(value)

Sets input baud rate to value; returns undef on failure.

setlflag

$termios->setlflag(flag)

Sets flag in the c_lflag field of a Termios object.

setoflag

$termios->setoflag(flag)

Sets flag in the c_oflag field of a Termios object.

setospeed

$termios->setospeed(value)

Sets the output baud rate to value; returns undef on failure.

Constants

The following constants are associated with the Termios class:

Baud rate values

B0 B75 B134 B200 B600 B1800 B4800 B19200 B50 B110 B150 B300 B1200 B2400 B9600 B38400

c_cc index values

VEOF VERASE VKILL VSUSP VSTOP VTIME VEOL VINTR VQUIT VSTART VMIN NCCS

c_cflag field values

CLOCAL CSIZE CS6 CS8 HUPCL PARODD CREAD CS5 CS7 CSTOPS PARENB

c_iflag field values

BRKINT IGNBRK IGNPAR INPCK IXOFF PARMRK ICRNL IGNCR INLCR ISTRIP IXON

c_lflag field values

ECHO ECHONL ISIG ECHOE ICANON NOFLSH ECHOK IEXTEN TOSTOP

c_oflag field values
```
OPOST
```
Terminal interface values

TCSADRAIN TCIOFLUSH TCIFLUSH TCSANOW TCOFLUSH TCSAFLUSH TCOON TCION TCIOFF

The following are other constants defined in the POSIX module:

Pathname constants

_PC_CHOWN_RESTRICTED _PC_LINK_MAX _PC_MAX_CANON _PC_MAX_INPUT _PC_NAME_MAX _PC_NO_TRUNC _PC_PATH_MAX _PC_PIPE_BUF _PC_VDISABLE

POSIX constants

_POSIX_ARG_MAX _POSIX_CHILD_MAX _POSIX_CHOWN_RESTRICTED _POSIX_JOB_CONTROL _POSIX_LINK_MAX _POSIX_MAX_CANON _POSIX_MAX_INPUT _POSIX_NAME_MAX _POSIX_NGROUPS_MAX _POSIX_NO_TRUNC _POSIX_OPEN_MAX _POSIX_PATH_MAX _POSIX_PIPE_BUF _POSIX_SAVED_IDS _POSIX_SSIZE_MAX _POSIX_STREAM_MAX _POSIX_TZNAME_MAX _POSIX_VDISABLE _POSIX_VERSION

System configuration

_SC_ARG_MAX _SC_CHILD_MAX _SC_CLK_TCK _SC_JOB_CONTROL _SC_NGROUPS_MAX _SC_OPEN_MAX _SC_SAVED_IDS _SC_STREAM_MAX _SC_TZNAME_MAX _SC_VERSION

Error constants

E2BIG EACCES EAGAIN EBADF EBUSY ECHILD EDEADLK EDOM EEXIST EFAUL EFBIG EINTR EINVAL EIO EISDIR EMFILE EMLINK ENAMETOOLONG ENFILE ENODE ENOENT ENOEXEC ENOLCK ENOMEM ENOSPC ENOSYS ENOTDIR ENOTEMPTY ENOTTY ENXIO EPERM EPIPE ERANGE EROFS ESPIPE ESRCH EXDEV

File control constants

FD_CLOEXEC F_DUPFD F_GETFD F_GETFL F_GETLK F_OK F_RDLCK F_SETFD F_SETFL F_SETLK F_SETLKW F_UNLCK F_WRLCK O_ACCMODE O_APPEND O_CREAT O_EXCL O_NOCTTY O_NONBLOCK O_RDONLY O_RDWR O_TRUNC O_WRONLY

Floating-point constants

DBL_DIG DBL_EPSILON DBL_MANT_DIG DBL_MAX DBL_MAX_10_EXP DBL_MAX_EXP DBL_MIN DBL_MIN_10_EXP DBL_MIN_EXP FLT_DIG FLT_EPSILON FLT_MANT_DIG FLT_MAX FLT_MAX_10_EXP FLT_MAX_EXP FLT_MIN FLT_MIN_10_EXP FLT_MIN_EXP FLT_RADIX FLT_ROUNDS LDBL_DIG LDBL_EPSILON LDBL_MANT_DIG LDBL_MAX LDBL_MAX_10_EXP LDBL_MAX_EXP LDBL_MIN LDBL_MIN_10_EXP LDBL_MIN_EXP

Limit constants

ARG_MAX CHAR_BIT CHAR_MAX CHAR_MIN CHILD_MAX INT_MAX INT_MIN LINK_MAX LONG_MAX LONG_MIN MAX_CANON MAX_INPUT MB_LEN_MAX NAME_MAX NGROUPS_MAX OPEN_MAX PATH_MAX PIPE_BUF SCHAR_MAX SCHAR_MIN SHRT_MAX SHRT_MIN SSIZE_MAX STREAM_MAX TZNAME_MAX UCHAR_MAX UINT_MAX ULONG_MAX USHRT_MAX

Locale constants

LC_ALL LC_COLLATE LC_CTYPE LC_MONETARY LC_NUMERIC LC_TIME

Math constants
```
HUGE_VAL
```
Signal constants

SA_NOCLDSTOP SIGABRT SIGALRM SIGCHLD SIGCONT SIGFPE SIGHUP SIGILL SIGINT SIGKILL SIGPIPE SIGQUIT SIGSEGV SIGSTOP SIGTERM SIGTSTP SIGTTIN SIGTTOU SIGUSR1 SIGUSR2 SIG_BLOCK SIG_DFL SIG_ERR SIG_IGN SIG_SETMASK SIG_UNBLOCK

Stat constants

S_IRGRP S_IROTH S_IRUSR S_IRWXG S_IRWXO S_IRWXU S_ISGID S_ISUID S_IWGRP S_IWOTH S_IWUSR S_IXGRP S_IXOTH S_IXUSR

Stat macros

S_ISBLK S_ISCHR S_ISDIR S_ISFIFO S_ISREG

Stdlib constants

EXIT_FAILURE EXIT_SUCCESS MB_CUR_MAX RAND_MAX

Stdio constants

BUFSIZ EOF FILENAME_MAX L_ctermid L_cuserid L_tmpname TMP_MAX

Time constants
```
CLK_TCK CLOCKS_PER_SEC
```
Unistd constants

R_OK SEEK_CUR SEEK_END SEEK_SET STDIN_FILENO STDOUT_FILENO STRERR_FILENO W_OK X_OK

Wait constants
```
WNOHANG WUNTRACED
```
Wait macros

WIFEXITED WEXITSTATUS WIFSIGNALED WTERMSIG WIFSTOPPED WSTOPSIG