Math::BigInt - Arbitrary-Length Integer Math Package

use Math::BigInt; $i = Math::BigInt->new($string); # BINT is a big integer string; in all following cases $i remains unchanged. # All methods except bcmp() return a big integer string, or strings. $i->bneg; # return negative of $i $i->babs # return absolute value of $i $i->bcmp(BINT) # compare $i to BINT; see below for return value $i->badd(BINT) # return sum of BINT and $i $i->bsub(BINT) # return $i minus BINT $i->bmul(BINT) # return $i multiplied by BINT $i->bdiv(BINT) # return $i divided by BINT; see below for return value $i->bmod(BINT) # return $i modulus BINT $i->bgcd(BINT) # return greatest common divisor of $i and BINT $i->bnorm # return normalization of $i

This module allows you to use integers of arbitrary length. Integer strings (BINTs) have the form /^\s*[+-]?[\d\s]+$/. Embedded whitespace is ignored. Output values are always in the canonical form: /^[+-]\d+$/ . For example:

'+0' # canonical zero value ' -123 123 123' # canonical value: '-123123123' '1 23 456 7890' # canonical value: '+1234567890'

The return value NaN results when an input argument is not a number, or when a divide by zero is attempted. The bcmp() method returns -1, , or depending on whether $f is less than, equal to, or greater than the number string given as an argument. If the number string is undefined or null, the undefined value is returned. In a list context the bdiv() method returns a two-element array containing the quotient of the division and the remainder; in a scalar context only the quotient is returned.

When you use this module, Perl's basic math operations are overloaded with routines from Math::BigInt. Therefore, you don't have to employ the methods shown above to multiply, divide, and so on. You can rely instead on the usual operators. Given this code:

$a = Math::BigInt->new("42 000 000 000 000"); $b = Math::BigInt->new("-111111");

the following five lines yield these string values for $c:

$c = 42000000000000 - -111111; # 42000000111111; ordinary math--$c is a double $c = $a - $b; # "+42000000111111"; $c is now a BigInt object $c = $a - -111111; # "+42000000111111"; $c is now a BigInt object $c = $a->bsub($b); # "+42000000111111"; $c is just a string $c = $a->bsub(-111111); # "+42000000111111"; $c is just a string