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Index: Symbols and Numbers

as permission : Modifying Permissions
in regular expressions
- Parentheses as memory
- Special Read-Only Variables
& (ampersand)
- && operator : && and || as Control Structures
- query strings and : Your CGI Program in Context
* (asterisk)
- **= operator : Binary Assignment Operators
- ** (exponentiation) operator : Operators for Numbers
- in pack format string : Packing and Unpacking Binary Data
- as prefix : Symbol Table Manipulation with *FRED
- in regular expressions : Multipliers
@ (at sign)
- @*, in formats : Multiline Fields
- @_ (subroutine arglist)
- - Making It a Bit More Modular
  - Arguments
- as array name prefix : More than One Secret Word
- as format field delimiter : Text Fields
- as prefix for array variables : Variables
` (backquotes) : Warning Someone When Things Go Astray
- as command invocation : Using Backquotes
- example of : Process Management
(backslash) : Double-Quoted Strings
- \@ reference notation : References
- escapes : Single-Quoted Strings
- in system( ) argument : Using system and exec
- in regular expressions
- - Single-Character Patterns
  - Anchoring Patterns
  - as memory access : Parentheses as memory
! operator
- example of : Process Management
- as logical-not operator : Making It a Bit More Modular
- != operator : Operators for Strings
[ (left bracket) in double-quoted strings : Variable Interpolation of Arrays
[ ] (brackets) reference notation : References
^ (caret)
- as anchor in regular expressions : Anchoring Patterns
- as filled-field in formats : Filled Fields
- in regular expressions : Single-Character Patterns
{} (curly braces)
- in double-quoted strings : Interpolation of Scalars into Strings
- in regular expressions : Multipliers
- required in if statements : The if/unless Statement
$ (dollar sign)
- $1, $2,... backreferences : Special Read-Only Variables
- $a, $b, ..., sorting with : Advanced Sorting
- $& (match string) : Special Read-Only Variables
- $` (before-match string) : Special Read-Only Variables
- $^ variable : Changing the Top-of-Page Format Name
- $^I variable : Variable-Length ( Text) Databases
- $^T variable : The -x File Tests
- $: variable : Filled Fields
- $= variable : Changing the Position on the Page
- $# for arrays : Array Element Access
- $- variable : Changing the Position on the Page
- - interaction with $= variable : Changing the Position on the Page
- $% (special variable), example of : Listing the Secret Words
- $' (after-match string) : Special Read-Only Variables
- $/ variable
- - Input from STDIN
  - Using Backquotes
- $~ variable : Changing the Format Name
- $_
- - foreach statement and : The foreach Statement
  - implicit assignment to : Input from STDIN
  - selecting other with =~ operator : Selecting a Different Target (the =~ Operator)
- $_[0] : Arguments
- removing significance in strings : Interpolation of Scalars into Strings
- as scalar variable prefix : Scalar Variables
(dot)
- .. for parent directory : About Hard and Soft Links
- .. list construction operator : Literal Representation
- .= operator : Binary Assignment Operators
- as current directory : Directory Access
- example of : Functions
- in regular expressions : Single-Character Patterns
- as self-name for directory : About Hard and Soft Links
= (equal sign)
- == operator : Operators for Strings
- => operator : Fancier Calling Sequences
- =~ operator : Selecting a Different Target (the =~ Operator)
- - example of : Making It Fair for the Rest
  - substitution and : Substitutions
  - tr operator and : Transliteration
> (greater than) : Operators for Strings
- >&, in open( ) : Summary of Process Operations
- >= operator : Operators for Strings
#!/usr/bin/perl line : Basic Concepts
- (hyphen)
- -= operator : Numeric Fields
- -- operator : Autoincrement and Autodecrement
- in regular expression ranges : Single-Character Patterns
< (less than) : Operators for Strings
- < and > as globbing delimiters : Globbing
- <= operator : Operators for Strings
- <=> : (see spaceship (<=>) operator)
- format field characters : Text Fields
- <\> : (see diamond operator)
% (percent sign) as associative array prefix
- Giving Each Person a Different Secret Word
- Hash Variables
+ (plus sign) in regular expressions : Multipliers
+ (plus)
- modifying open( ) : Fixed-Length Random Access Databases
- += operator
- - Control Structures
  - Binary Assignment Operators
- ++ operator
- - Autoincrement and Autodecrement
  - Using system and exec
# (pound sign)
- as comment character : Basic Concepts
- as format field characters : Numeric Fields
? (question mark) in regular expressions : Multipliers
(semicolon) as statement terminator : The "Hello, World" Program
/ (slash)
- changing regular expressions and : Using a Different Delimiter
- choosing alternate to, in substitution : Substitutions
- regular expression delimiter : Simple Uses of Regular Expressions
~ (tilde) in formats : Filled Fields
_ (underscore) in variable names : Scalar Variables
| (vertical bar)
- as format field characters : Text Fields
- open( ) and
- - Warning Someone When Things Go Astray
  - Using Processes as Filehandles
- in regular expressions : Alternation
|| (logical-or) operator : Making It a Bit More Modular
- as control structure : && and || as Control Structures
- die( ) and : Slight Diversion: die
- example of

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